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Boosting Humoral Immunity from mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Kidney Transplant Recipients

Introduction: The immune response to the primary (two-dose) series of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) is very weak. We conducted a longitudinal observational study to compare the humoral response to a third, additional primary dose of mRNA vaccines between infection-naï...

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Autores principales: Tylicki, Leszek, Dębska-Ślizień, Alicja, Muchlado, Marta, Ślizień, Zuzanna, Gołębiewska, Justyna, Dąbrowska, Małgorzata, Biedunkiewicz, Bogdan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8779302/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35062717
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10010056
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author Tylicki, Leszek
Dębska-Ślizień, Alicja
Muchlado, Marta
Ślizień, Zuzanna
Gołębiewska, Justyna
Dąbrowska, Małgorzata
Biedunkiewicz, Bogdan
author_facet Tylicki, Leszek
Dębska-Ślizień, Alicja
Muchlado, Marta
Ślizień, Zuzanna
Gołębiewska, Justyna
Dąbrowska, Małgorzata
Biedunkiewicz, Bogdan
author_sort Tylicki, Leszek
collection PubMed
description Introduction: The immune response to the primary (two-dose) series of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) is very weak. We conducted a longitudinal observational study to compare the humoral response to a third, additional primary dose of mRNA vaccines between infection-naïve (IN-KTRs) and previously infected KTRs (PI-KTRs). Methods: We measured the levels of anti-spike (anti-s) IgG antibodies before and 14–21 days after the third dose and, in the secondary analysis, we compared the antibody response to BNT162b2 versus mRNA-1273. The reactogenicity assessment included solicited local and systemic reactions. Results: A total of 112 KTRs were enrolled, including 83 IN-KTR and 29 PI-KTR, among whom seroconversion in anti-s antibodies after the primary two-dose vaccination was achieved in 45.78% and 100% of cases, respectively. After three months, a waning antibodies titer by 67.4% (IN-KTR) and 7.5% (PI-KTR) was observed. After the third dose of the mRNA vaccine, 71.08% (59/83) of IN-KTR and 96.5% (28/29) of PI-KTR samples were seroconverted with a median anti-s titer of 468.0 (195.0–1620.0) BAU/mL and 1629.0 (1205–1815) BAU/mL, respectively. Of those IN-KTR in whom the primary vaccination failed, 46.67% (21/45) of patients achieved seroconversion after the third dose. No serious adverse events after the third dose were reported. In strata analyses, after the third dose, 66% (40/60) of patients vaccinated with BNT162b2 and 82.6% (19/23) of patients vaccinated with mRNA-1273 seroconverted with a median anti-s titer of 384.5 (144–837) BAU/mL and 1620 (671–2040) BAU/mL, respectively. Conclusions: The use of a third dose of mRNA vaccine may be of benefit for KTR, especially for those in whom the primary vaccination failed. Vaccines with a higher dose of mRNA and a longer interval between doses of the primary vaccination, such as mRNA-1273, seem to be the preparations of choice in immunocompromised individuals.
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spelling pubmed-87793022022-01-22 Boosting Humoral Immunity from mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Kidney Transplant Recipients Tylicki, Leszek Dębska-Ślizień, Alicja Muchlado, Marta Ślizień, Zuzanna Gołębiewska, Justyna Dąbrowska, Małgorzata Biedunkiewicz, Bogdan Vaccines (Basel) Article Introduction: The immune response to the primary (two-dose) series of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) is very weak. We conducted a longitudinal observational study to compare the humoral response to a third, additional primary dose of mRNA vaccines between infection-naïve (IN-KTRs) and previously infected KTRs (PI-KTRs). Methods: We measured the levels of anti-spike (anti-s) IgG antibodies before and 14–21 days after the third dose and, in the secondary analysis, we compared the antibody response to BNT162b2 versus mRNA-1273. The reactogenicity assessment included solicited local and systemic reactions. Results: A total of 112 KTRs were enrolled, including 83 IN-KTR and 29 PI-KTR, among whom seroconversion in anti-s antibodies after the primary two-dose vaccination was achieved in 45.78% and 100% of cases, respectively. After three months, a waning antibodies titer by 67.4% (IN-KTR) and 7.5% (PI-KTR) was observed. After the third dose of the mRNA vaccine, 71.08% (59/83) of IN-KTR and 96.5% (28/29) of PI-KTR samples were seroconverted with a median anti-s titer of 468.0 (195.0–1620.0) BAU/mL and 1629.0 (1205–1815) BAU/mL, respectively. Of those IN-KTR in whom the primary vaccination failed, 46.67% (21/45) of patients achieved seroconversion after the third dose. No serious adverse events after the third dose were reported. In strata analyses, after the third dose, 66% (40/60) of patients vaccinated with BNT162b2 and 82.6% (19/23) of patients vaccinated with mRNA-1273 seroconverted with a median anti-s titer of 384.5 (144–837) BAU/mL and 1620 (671–2040) BAU/mL, respectively. Conclusions: The use of a third dose of mRNA vaccine may be of benefit for KTR, especially for those in whom the primary vaccination failed. Vaccines with a higher dose of mRNA and a longer interval between doses of the primary vaccination, such as mRNA-1273, seem to be the preparations of choice in immunocompromised individuals. MDPI 2021-12-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8779302/ /pubmed/35062717 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10010056 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Tylicki, Leszek
Dębska-Ślizień, Alicja
Muchlado, Marta
Ślizień, Zuzanna
Gołębiewska, Justyna
Dąbrowska, Małgorzata
Biedunkiewicz, Bogdan
Boosting Humoral Immunity from mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Kidney Transplant Recipients
title Boosting Humoral Immunity from mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Kidney Transplant Recipients
title_full Boosting Humoral Immunity from mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Kidney Transplant Recipients
title_fullStr Boosting Humoral Immunity from mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Kidney Transplant Recipients
title_full_unstemmed Boosting Humoral Immunity from mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Kidney Transplant Recipients
title_short Boosting Humoral Immunity from mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Kidney Transplant Recipients
title_sort boosting humoral immunity from mrna covid-19 vaccines in kidney transplant recipients
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8779302/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35062717
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10010056
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