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Phylum Gemmatimonadota and Its Role in the Environment

Bacteria are an important part of every ecosystem that they inhabit on Earth. Environmental microbiologists usually focus on a few dominant bacterial groups, neglecting less abundant ones, which collectively make up most of the microbial diversity. One of such less-studied phyla is Gemmatimonadota....

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Autores principales: Mujakić, Izabela, Piwosz, Kasia, Koblížek, Michal
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8779627/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35056600
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10010151
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author Mujakić, Izabela
Piwosz, Kasia
Koblížek, Michal
author_facet Mujakić, Izabela
Piwosz, Kasia
Koblížek, Michal
author_sort Mujakić, Izabela
collection PubMed
description Bacteria are an important part of every ecosystem that they inhabit on Earth. Environmental microbiologists usually focus on a few dominant bacterial groups, neglecting less abundant ones, which collectively make up most of the microbial diversity. One of such less-studied phyla is Gemmatimonadota. Currently, the phylum contains only six cultured species. However, data from culture-independent studies indicate that members of Gemmatimonadota are common in diverse habitats. They are abundant in soils, where they seem to be frequently associated with plants and the rhizosphere. Moreover, Gemmatimonadota were found in aquatic environments, such as freshwaters, wastewater treatment plants, biofilms, and sediments. An important discovery was the identification of purple bacterial reaction centers and anoxygenic photosynthesis in this phylum, genes for which were likely acquired via horizontal gene transfer. So far, the capacity for anoxygenic photosynthesis has been described for two cultured species: Gemmatimonas phototrophica and Gemmatimonas groenlandica. Moreover, analyses of metagenome-assembled genomes indicate that it is also common in uncultured lineages of Gemmatimonadota. This review summarizes the current knowledge about this understudied bacterial phylum with an emphasis on its environmental distribution.
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spelling pubmed-87796272022-01-22 Phylum Gemmatimonadota and Its Role in the Environment Mujakić, Izabela Piwosz, Kasia Koblížek, Michal Microorganisms Review Bacteria are an important part of every ecosystem that they inhabit on Earth. Environmental microbiologists usually focus on a few dominant bacterial groups, neglecting less abundant ones, which collectively make up most of the microbial diversity. One of such less-studied phyla is Gemmatimonadota. Currently, the phylum contains only six cultured species. However, data from culture-independent studies indicate that members of Gemmatimonadota are common in diverse habitats. They are abundant in soils, where they seem to be frequently associated with plants and the rhizosphere. Moreover, Gemmatimonadota were found in aquatic environments, such as freshwaters, wastewater treatment plants, biofilms, and sediments. An important discovery was the identification of purple bacterial reaction centers and anoxygenic photosynthesis in this phylum, genes for which were likely acquired via horizontal gene transfer. So far, the capacity for anoxygenic photosynthesis has been described for two cultured species: Gemmatimonas phototrophica and Gemmatimonas groenlandica. Moreover, analyses of metagenome-assembled genomes indicate that it is also common in uncultured lineages of Gemmatimonadota. This review summarizes the current knowledge about this understudied bacterial phylum with an emphasis on its environmental distribution. MDPI 2022-01-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8779627/ /pubmed/35056600 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10010151 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Mujakić, Izabela
Piwosz, Kasia
Koblížek, Michal
Phylum Gemmatimonadota and Its Role in the Environment
title Phylum Gemmatimonadota and Its Role in the Environment
title_full Phylum Gemmatimonadota and Its Role in the Environment
title_fullStr Phylum Gemmatimonadota and Its Role in the Environment
title_full_unstemmed Phylum Gemmatimonadota and Its Role in the Environment
title_short Phylum Gemmatimonadota and Its Role in the Environment
title_sort phylum gemmatimonadota and its role in the environment
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8779627/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35056600
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10010151
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