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Treatment of Human Sporotrichosis Caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis

We describe the successful treatment of a series of 30 zoonotic sporotrichosis cases from southern Brazil. Sporothrix brasiliensis was the species genotypically identified in all 25 confirmed cases. Five other cases were classified as probable, without laboratory confirmation, but with clinical and...

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Autores principales: Poester, Vanice Rodrigues, Basso, Rossana Patricia, Stevens, David A., Munhoz, Lívia Silveira, de Souza Rabello, Vanessa Brito, Almeida-Paes, Rodrigo, Zancopé-Oliveira, Rosely Maria, Zanchi, Mariza, Benelli, Jéssica Louise, Xavier, Melissa Orzechowski
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8779703/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35050010
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8010070
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author Poester, Vanice Rodrigues
Basso, Rossana Patricia
Stevens, David A.
Munhoz, Lívia Silveira
de Souza Rabello, Vanessa Brito
Almeida-Paes, Rodrigo
Zancopé-Oliveira, Rosely Maria
Zanchi, Mariza
Benelli, Jéssica Louise
Xavier, Melissa Orzechowski
author_facet Poester, Vanice Rodrigues
Basso, Rossana Patricia
Stevens, David A.
Munhoz, Lívia Silveira
de Souza Rabello, Vanessa Brito
Almeida-Paes, Rodrigo
Zancopé-Oliveira, Rosely Maria
Zanchi, Mariza
Benelli, Jéssica Louise
Xavier, Melissa Orzechowski
author_sort Poester, Vanice Rodrigues
collection PubMed
description We describe the successful treatment of a series of 30 zoonotic sporotrichosis cases from southern Brazil. Sporothrix brasiliensis was the species genotypically identified in all 25 confirmed cases. Five other cases were classified as probable, without laboratory confirmation, but with clinical and epidemiological data of cat-transmitted sporotrichosis. Two isolates were sequenced by translation elongation factor-1 alpha (EF1α) loci in order to compare their sequences, and both of them showed distinct genotypes from S. brasiliensis strains from other Brazilian states. Itraconazole (ITZ) or potassium iodide (KI) were the first choice treatment in 28 and 2 cases, respectively. Microdilution assay showed a wild-type profile of S. brasiliensis isolates to ITZ. However, a lack of clinical response occurred in 42% of cases, especially those treated with ITZ 100 mg/day, and treatment needed modifications, by either increased doses or antifungal combinations. Clinical cure required a mean of 187 days of treatment, which was dependent on the clinical form of the disease and age of patients. Therapy, including dosages and durations, for cutaneous forms of sporotrichosis requires re-evaluation, since cases caused by S. brasiliensis may influence treatment efficacy.
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spelling pubmed-87797032022-01-22 Treatment of Human Sporotrichosis Caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis Poester, Vanice Rodrigues Basso, Rossana Patricia Stevens, David A. Munhoz, Lívia Silveira de Souza Rabello, Vanessa Brito Almeida-Paes, Rodrigo Zancopé-Oliveira, Rosely Maria Zanchi, Mariza Benelli, Jéssica Louise Xavier, Melissa Orzechowski J Fungi (Basel) Article We describe the successful treatment of a series of 30 zoonotic sporotrichosis cases from southern Brazil. Sporothrix brasiliensis was the species genotypically identified in all 25 confirmed cases. Five other cases were classified as probable, without laboratory confirmation, but with clinical and epidemiological data of cat-transmitted sporotrichosis. Two isolates were sequenced by translation elongation factor-1 alpha (EF1α) loci in order to compare their sequences, and both of them showed distinct genotypes from S. brasiliensis strains from other Brazilian states. Itraconazole (ITZ) or potassium iodide (KI) were the first choice treatment in 28 and 2 cases, respectively. Microdilution assay showed a wild-type profile of S. brasiliensis isolates to ITZ. However, a lack of clinical response occurred in 42% of cases, especially those treated with ITZ 100 mg/day, and treatment needed modifications, by either increased doses or antifungal combinations. Clinical cure required a mean of 187 days of treatment, which was dependent on the clinical form of the disease and age of patients. Therapy, including dosages and durations, for cutaneous forms of sporotrichosis requires re-evaluation, since cases caused by S. brasiliensis may influence treatment efficacy. MDPI 2022-01-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8779703/ /pubmed/35050010 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8010070 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Poester, Vanice Rodrigues
Basso, Rossana Patricia
Stevens, David A.
Munhoz, Lívia Silveira
de Souza Rabello, Vanessa Brito
Almeida-Paes, Rodrigo
Zancopé-Oliveira, Rosely Maria
Zanchi, Mariza
Benelli, Jéssica Louise
Xavier, Melissa Orzechowski
Treatment of Human Sporotrichosis Caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis
title Treatment of Human Sporotrichosis Caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis
title_full Treatment of Human Sporotrichosis Caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis
title_fullStr Treatment of Human Sporotrichosis Caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis
title_full_unstemmed Treatment of Human Sporotrichosis Caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis
title_short Treatment of Human Sporotrichosis Caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis
title_sort treatment of human sporotrichosis caused by sporothrix brasiliensis
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8779703/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35050010
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8010070
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