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3D Inductive Frequency Selective Structures Using Additive Manufacturing and Low-Cost Metallization

The use of additive manufacturing and different metallization techniques for prototyping radio frequency components such as antennas and waveguides are rising owing to their high precision and low costs. Over time, additive manufacturing has improved so that its utilization is accepted in satellite...

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Autores principales: Vásquez-Peralvo, Juan Andrés, Tamayo-Domínguez, Adrián, Pérez-Palomino, Gerardo, Fernández-González, José Manuel, Wong, Thomas
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8779740/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35062511
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22020552
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author Vásquez-Peralvo, Juan Andrés
Tamayo-Domínguez, Adrián
Pérez-Palomino, Gerardo
Fernández-González, José Manuel
Wong, Thomas
author_facet Vásquez-Peralvo, Juan Andrés
Tamayo-Domínguez, Adrián
Pérez-Palomino, Gerardo
Fernández-González, José Manuel
Wong, Thomas
author_sort Vásquez-Peralvo, Juan Andrés
collection PubMed
description The use of additive manufacturing and different metallization techniques for prototyping radio frequency components such as antennas and waveguides are rising owing to their high precision and low costs. Over time, additive manufacturing has improved so that its utilization is accepted in satellite payloads and military applications. However, there is no record of the frequency response in the millimeter-wave band for inductive 3D frequency selective structures implemented by different metallization techniques. For this reason, three different prototypes of dielectric 3D frequency selective structures working in the millimeter-wave band are designed, simulated, and manufactured using VAT photopolymerization. These prototypes are subsequently metallized using metallic paint atomization and electroplating. The manufactured prototypes have been carefully selected, considering their design complexity, starting with the simplest, the square aperture, the medium complexity, the woodpile structure, and the most complex, the torus structure. Then, each structure is measured before and after the metallization process using a measurement bench. The metallization used for the measurement is nickel spray flowed by the copper electroplating. For the electroplating, a detailed table showing the total area to be metallized and the current applied is also provided. Finally, the effectiveness of both metallization techniques is compared with the simulations performed using CST Microwave Studio. Results indicate that a shifted and reduced band-pass is obtained in some structures. On the other hand, for very complex structures, as in the torus case, band-pass with lower loss is obtained using copper electroplating, thus allowing the manufacturing of inductive 3D frequency selective structures in the millimeter-wave band at a low cost.
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spelling pubmed-87797402022-01-22 3D Inductive Frequency Selective Structures Using Additive Manufacturing and Low-Cost Metallization Vásquez-Peralvo, Juan Andrés Tamayo-Domínguez, Adrián Pérez-Palomino, Gerardo Fernández-González, José Manuel Wong, Thomas Sensors (Basel) Article The use of additive manufacturing and different metallization techniques for prototyping radio frequency components such as antennas and waveguides are rising owing to their high precision and low costs. Over time, additive manufacturing has improved so that its utilization is accepted in satellite payloads and military applications. However, there is no record of the frequency response in the millimeter-wave band for inductive 3D frequency selective structures implemented by different metallization techniques. For this reason, three different prototypes of dielectric 3D frequency selective structures working in the millimeter-wave band are designed, simulated, and manufactured using VAT photopolymerization. These prototypes are subsequently metallized using metallic paint atomization and electroplating. The manufactured prototypes have been carefully selected, considering their design complexity, starting with the simplest, the square aperture, the medium complexity, the woodpile structure, and the most complex, the torus structure. Then, each structure is measured before and after the metallization process using a measurement bench. The metallization used for the measurement is nickel spray flowed by the copper electroplating. For the electroplating, a detailed table showing the total area to be metallized and the current applied is also provided. Finally, the effectiveness of both metallization techniques is compared with the simulations performed using CST Microwave Studio. Results indicate that a shifted and reduced band-pass is obtained in some structures. On the other hand, for very complex structures, as in the torus case, band-pass with lower loss is obtained using copper electroplating, thus allowing the manufacturing of inductive 3D frequency selective structures in the millimeter-wave band at a low cost. MDPI 2022-01-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8779740/ /pubmed/35062511 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22020552 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Vásquez-Peralvo, Juan Andrés
Tamayo-Domínguez, Adrián
Pérez-Palomino, Gerardo
Fernández-González, José Manuel
Wong, Thomas
3D Inductive Frequency Selective Structures Using Additive Manufacturing and Low-Cost Metallization
title 3D Inductive Frequency Selective Structures Using Additive Manufacturing and Low-Cost Metallization
title_full 3D Inductive Frequency Selective Structures Using Additive Manufacturing and Low-Cost Metallization
title_fullStr 3D Inductive Frequency Selective Structures Using Additive Manufacturing and Low-Cost Metallization
title_full_unstemmed 3D Inductive Frequency Selective Structures Using Additive Manufacturing and Low-Cost Metallization
title_short 3D Inductive Frequency Selective Structures Using Additive Manufacturing and Low-Cost Metallization
title_sort 3d inductive frequency selective structures using additive manufacturing and low-cost metallization
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8779740/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35062511
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22020552
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