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Extraction and Isolation of Cellulose Nanofibers from Carpet Wastes Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Approach
Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) are the most advanced bio-nanomaterial utilized in various applications due to their unique physical and structural properties, renewability, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. It has been isolated from diverse sources including plants as well as textile wastes using...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8780019/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35054732 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14020326 |
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author | Nasution, Halimatuddahliana Yahya, Esam Bashir Abdul Khalil, H. P. S. Shaah, Marwan Abdulhakim Suriani, A. B. Mohamed, Azmi Alfatah, Tata Abdullah, C. K. |
author_facet | Nasution, Halimatuddahliana Yahya, Esam Bashir Abdul Khalil, H. P. S. Shaah, Marwan Abdulhakim Suriani, A. B. Mohamed, Azmi Alfatah, Tata Abdullah, C. K. |
author_sort | Nasution, Halimatuddahliana |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) are the most advanced bio-nanomaterial utilized in various applications due to their unique physical and structural properties, renewability, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. It has been isolated from diverse sources including plants as well as textile wastes using different isolation techniques, such as acid hydrolysis, high-intensity ultrasonication, and steam explosion process. Here, we planned to extract and isolate CNFs from carpet wastes using a supercritical carbon dioxide (Sc.CO(2)) treatment approach. The mechanism of defibrillation and defragmentation caused by Sc.CO(2) treatment was also explained. The morphological analysis of bleached fibers showed that Sc.CO(2) treatment induced several longitudinal fractions along with each fiber due to the supercritical condition of temperature and pressure. Such conditions removed th fiber’s impurities and produced more fragile fibers compared to untreated samples. The particle size analysis and Transmission Electron Microscopes (TEM) confirm the effect of Sc.CO(2) treatment. The average fiber length and diameter of Sc.CO(2) treated CNFs were 53.72 and 7.14 nm, respectively. In comparison, untreated samples had longer fiber length and diameter (302.87 and 97.93 nm). The Sc.CO(2)-treated CNFs also had significantly higher thermal stability by more than 27% and zeta potential value of −38.9± 5.1 mV, compared to untreated CNFs (−33.1 ± 3.0 mV). The vibrational band frequency and chemical composition analysis data confirm the presence of cellulose function groups without any contamination with lignin and hemicellulose. The Sc.CO(2) treatment method is a green approach for enhancing the isolation yield of CNFs from carpet wastes and produce better quality nanocellulose for advanced applications. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8780019 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87800192022-01-22 Extraction and Isolation of Cellulose Nanofibers from Carpet Wastes Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Approach Nasution, Halimatuddahliana Yahya, Esam Bashir Abdul Khalil, H. P. S. Shaah, Marwan Abdulhakim Suriani, A. B. Mohamed, Azmi Alfatah, Tata Abdullah, C. K. Polymers (Basel) Article Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) are the most advanced bio-nanomaterial utilized in various applications due to their unique physical and structural properties, renewability, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. It has been isolated from diverse sources including plants as well as textile wastes using different isolation techniques, such as acid hydrolysis, high-intensity ultrasonication, and steam explosion process. Here, we planned to extract and isolate CNFs from carpet wastes using a supercritical carbon dioxide (Sc.CO(2)) treatment approach. The mechanism of defibrillation and defragmentation caused by Sc.CO(2) treatment was also explained. The morphological analysis of bleached fibers showed that Sc.CO(2) treatment induced several longitudinal fractions along with each fiber due to the supercritical condition of temperature and pressure. Such conditions removed th fiber’s impurities and produced more fragile fibers compared to untreated samples. The particle size analysis and Transmission Electron Microscopes (TEM) confirm the effect of Sc.CO(2) treatment. The average fiber length and diameter of Sc.CO(2) treated CNFs were 53.72 and 7.14 nm, respectively. In comparison, untreated samples had longer fiber length and diameter (302.87 and 97.93 nm). The Sc.CO(2)-treated CNFs also had significantly higher thermal stability by more than 27% and zeta potential value of −38.9± 5.1 mV, compared to untreated CNFs (−33.1 ± 3.0 mV). The vibrational band frequency and chemical composition analysis data confirm the presence of cellulose function groups without any contamination with lignin and hemicellulose. The Sc.CO(2) treatment method is a green approach for enhancing the isolation yield of CNFs from carpet wastes and produce better quality nanocellulose for advanced applications. MDPI 2022-01-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8780019/ /pubmed/35054732 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14020326 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Nasution, Halimatuddahliana Yahya, Esam Bashir Abdul Khalil, H. P. S. Shaah, Marwan Abdulhakim Suriani, A. B. Mohamed, Azmi Alfatah, Tata Abdullah, C. K. Extraction and Isolation of Cellulose Nanofibers from Carpet Wastes Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Approach |
title | Extraction and Isolation of Cellulose Nanofibers from Carpet Wastes Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Approach |
title_full | Extraction and Isolation of Cellulose Nanofibers from Carpet Wastes Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Approach |
title_fullStr | Extraction and Isolation of Cellulose Nanofibers from Carpet Wastes Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Approach |
title_full_unstemmed | Extraction and Isolation of Cellulose Nanofibers from Carpet Wastes Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Approach |
title_short | Extraction and Isolation of Cellulose Nanofibers from Carpet Wastes Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Approach |
title_sort | extraction and isolation of cellulose nanofibers from carpet wastes using supercritical carbon dioxide approach |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8780019/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35054732 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14020326 |
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