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Heavy Metal Assessments of Soil Samples from a High Natural Background Radiation Area, Indonesia

Mamuju, Indonesia, is an area with high natural background radiation. This study assesses heavy metal content in soil samples from this area to determine the level of public and environmental hazard it presents. This study analyzes natural radionuclide elements using high purity germanium (HPGe) gam...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Nugraha, Eka Djatnika, Mellawati, June, Wahyudi, Kranrod, Chutima, Makhsun, Tazoe, Hirofumi, Ahmad, Haeranah, Hosoda, Masahiro, Akata, Naofumi, Tokonami, Shinji
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8780677/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35051081
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10010039
Descripción
Sumario:Mamuju, Indonesia, is an area with high natural background radiation. This study assesses heavy metal content in soil samples from this area to determine the level of public and environmental hazard it presents. This study analyzes natural radionuclide elements using high purity germanium (HPGe) gamma spectrometry and performs heavy metals analysis using a flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Moreover, pollution indices and descriptive analyses were used to assess heavy metal contamination in the environment and the correlation between heavy metals and radionuclides. The results demonstrate that soil samples in several areas of Mamuju contain a high concentration of the natural radionuclides (226)Ra and (232)Th, and that heavy metal concentrations in the soil decrease in the sequence Zn > Pb > Cr > Cu > Ni > Cd. This study revealed that soil samples from Mamuju are moderately contaminated. There was a strong positive relationship between (226)Ra, (232)Th, ambient dose equivalent rate, and Pb. Ecological risk index (RI) and cumulative pollution index (IPI) values in Mamuju are 2.05 and 125, respectively, which are possible hazards to human health as a result. Pb concentration in the Mamuju soil samples ranged from 109 to 744 mg kg(−1), exceeding the worldwide average of 27 mg kg(−1).