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New Insights into the Genome Organization of Yeast Double-Stranded RNA LBC Viruses

The yeasts Torulaspora delbrueckii (Td) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc) may show a killer phenotype that is encoded in dsRNA M viruses (V-M), which require the helper activity of another dsRNA virus (V-LA or V-LBC) for replication. Recently, two TdV-LBCbarr genomes, which share sequence identity w...

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Autores principales: Ramírez, Manuel, Martínez, Alberto, Molina, Felipe
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8780742/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35056622
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10010173
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author Ramírez, Manuel
Martínez, Alberto
Molina, Felipe
author_facet Ramírez, Manuel
Martínez, Alberto
Molina, Felipe
author_sort Ramírez, Manuel
collection PubMed
description The yeasts Torulaspora delbrueckii (Td) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc) may show a killer phenotype that is encoded in dsRNA M viruses (V-M), which require the helper activity of another dsRNA virus (V-LA or V-LBC) for replication. Recently, two TdV-LBCbarr genomes, which share sequence identity with ScV-LBC counterparts, were characterized by high-throughput sequencing (HTS). They also share some similar characteristics with Sc-LA viruses. This may explain why TdV-LBCbarr has helper capability to maintain M viruses, whereas ScV-LBC does not. We here analyze two stretches with low sequence identity (LIS I and LIS II) that were found in TdV-LBCbarr Gag-Pol proteins when comparing with the homologous regions of ScV-LBC. These stretches may result from successive nucleotide insertions or deletions (indels) that allow compensatory frameshift events required to maintain specific functions of the RNA-polymerase, while modifying other functions such as the ability to bind V-M (+)RNA for packaging. The presence of an additional frameshifting site in LIS I may ensure the synthesis of a certain amount of RNA-polymerase until the new compensatory indel appears. Additional 5′- and 3′-extra sequences were found beyond V-LBC canonical genomes. Most extra sequences showed high identity to some stretches of the canonical genomes and can form stem-loop structures. Further, the 3′-extra sequence of two ScV-LBC genomes contains rRNA stretches. The origin and possible functions of these extra sequences are here discussed.
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spelling pubmed-87807422022-01-22 New Insights into the Genome Organization of Yeast Double-Stranded RNA LBC Viruses Ramírez, Manuel Martínez, Alberto Molina, Felipe Microorganisms Article The yeasts Torulaspora delbrueckii (Td) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc) may show a killer phenotype that is encoded in dsRNA M viruses (V-M), which require the helper activity of another dsRNA virus (V-LA or V-LBC) for replication. Recently, two TdV-LBCbarr genomes, which share sequence identity with ScV-LBC counterparts, were characterized by high-throughput sequencing (HTS). They also share some similar characteristics with Sc-LA viruses. This may explain why TdV-LBCbarr has helper capability to maintain M viruses, whereas ScV-LBC does not. We here analyze two stretches with low sequence identity (LIS I and LIS II) that were found in TdV-LBCbarr Gag-Pol proteins when comparing with the homologous regions of ScV-LBC. These stretches may result from successive nucleotide insertions or deletions (indels) that allow compensatory frameshift events required to maintain specific functions of the RNA-polymerase, while modifying other functions such as the ability to bind V-M (+)RNA for packaging. The presence of an additional frameshifting site in LIS I may ensure the synthesis of a certain amount of RNA-polymerase until the new compensatory indel appears. Additional 5′- and 3′-extra sequences were found beyond V-LBC canonical genomes. Most extra sequences showed high identity to some stretches of the canonical genomes and can form stem-loop structures. Further, the 3′-extra sequence of two ScV-LBC genomes contains rRNA stretches. The origin and possible functions of these extra sequences are here discussed. MDPI 2022-01-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8780742/ /pubmed/35056622 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10010173 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ramírez, Manuel
Martínez, Alberto
Molina, Felipe
New Insights into the Genome Organization of Yeast Double-Stranded RNA LBC Viruses
title New Insights into the Genome Organization of Yeast Double-Stranded RNA LBC Viruses
title_full New Insights into the Genome Organization of Yeast Double-Stranded RNA LBC Viruses
title_fullStr New Insights into the Genome Organization of Yeast Double-Stranded RNA LBC Viruses
title_full_unstemmed New Insights into the Genome Organization of Yeast Double-Stranded RNA LBC Viruses
title_short New Insights into the Genome Organization of Yeast Double-Stranded RNA LBC Viruses
title_sort new insights into the genome organization of yeast double-stranded rna lbc viruses
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8780742/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35056622
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10010173
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