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Outer Acoustic Streaming Flow Driven by Asymmetric Acoustic Resonances

While boundary-driven acoustic streaming resulting from the interaction of sound, fluids and walls in symmetric acoustic resonances have been intensively studied in the literature, the acoustic streaming fields driven by asymmetric acoustic resonances remain largely unexplored. Here, we present a th...

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Autores principales: Lei, Junjun, Zheng, Gaokun, Yao, Zhen, Huang, Zhigang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8781164/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35056230
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13010065
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author Lei, Junjun
Zheng, Gaokun
Yao, Zhen
Huang, Zhigang
author_facet Lei, Junjun
Zheng, Gaokun
Yao, Zhen
Huang, Zhigang
author_sort Lei, Junjun
collection PubMed
description While boundary-driven acoustic streaming resulting from the interaction of sound, fluids and walls in symmetric acoustic resonances have been intensively studied in the literature, the acoustic streaming fields driven by asymmetric acoustic resonances remain largely unexplored. Here, we present a theoretical and numerical analysis of outer acoustic streaming flows generated over a fluid–solid interface above which a symmetric or asymmetric acoustic standing wave is established. The asymmetric standing wave is defined by a shift of acoustic pressure in its magnitude, i.e., [Formula: see text] , and the resulting outer acoustic streaming is analyzed using the limiting velocity method. We show that, in symmetric acoustic resonances ([Formula: see text]), on a slip-velocity boundary, the limiting velocities always drive fluids from the acoustic pressure node towards adjacent antinodes. In confined geometry where a slip-velocity condition is applied to two parallel walls, the characteristics of the obtained outer acoustic streaming replicates that of Rayleigh streaming. In an asymmetric standing wave where [Formula: see text] , however, it is found that the resulting limiting velocity node (i.e., the dividing point of limiting velocities) on the slip-velocity boundary locates at a different position to acoustic pressure node and, more importantly, is shown to be independent of [Formula: see text] , enabling spatial separation of acoustic radiation force and acoustic streaming flows. The results show the richness of boundary-driven acoustic streaming pattern variations that arise in standing wave fields and have potentials in many microfluidics applications such as acoustic streaming flow control and particle manipulation.
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spelling pubmed-87811642022-01-22 Outer Acoustic Streaming Flow Driven by Asymmetric Acoustic Resonances Lei, Junjun Zheng, Gaokun Yao, Zhen Huang, Zhigang Micromachines (Basel) Article While boundary-driven acoustic streaming resulting from the interaction of sound, fluids and walls in symmetric acoustic resonances have been intensively studied in the literature, the acoustic streaming fields driven by asymmetric acoustic resonances remain largely unexplored. Here, we present a theoretical and numerical analysis of outer acoustic streaming flows generated over a fluid–solid interface above which a symmetric or asymmetric acoustic standing wave is established. The asymmetric standing wave is defined by a shift of acoustic pressure in its magnitude, i.e., [Formula: see text] , and the resulting outer acoustic streaming is analyzed using the limiting velocity method. We show that, in symmetric acoustic resonances ([Formula: see text]), on a slip-velocity boundary, the limiting velocities always drive fluids from the acoustic pressure node towards adjacent antinodes. In confined geometry where a slip-velocity condition is applied to two parallel walls, the characteristics of the obtained outer acoustic streaming replicates that of Rayleigh streaming. In an asymmetric standing wave where [Formula: see text] , however, it is found that the resulting limiting velocity node (i.e., the dividing point of limiting velocities) on the slip-velocity boundary locates at a different position to acoustic pressure node and, more importantly, is shown to be independent of [Formula: see text] , enabling spatial separation of acoustic radiation force and acoustic streaming flows. The results show the richness of boundary-driven acoustic streaming pattern variations that arise in standing wave fields and have potentials in many microfluidics applications such as acoustic streaming flow control and particle manipulation. MDPI 2021-12-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8781164/ /pubmed/35056230 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13010065 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lei, Junjun
Zheng, Gaokun
Yao, Zhen
Huang, Zhigang
Outer Acoustic Streaming Flow Driven by Asymmetric Acoustic Resonances
title Outer Acoustic Streaming Flow Driven by Asymmetric Acoustic Resonances
title_full Outer Acoustic Streaming Flow Driven by Asymmetric Acoustic Resonances
title_fullStr Outer Acoustic Streaming Flow Driven by Asymmetric Acoustic Resonances
title_full_unstemmed Outer Acoustic Streaming Flow Driven by Asymmetric Acoustic Resonances
title_short Outer Acoustic Streaming Flow Driven by Asymmetric Acoustic Resonances
title_sort outer acoustic streaming flow driven by asymmetric acoustic resonances
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8781164/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35056230
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13010065
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