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Large-Scale Study of Antibody Titer Decay following BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine or SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Immune protection following either vaccination or infection with SARS-CoV-2 is thought to decrease over time. We designed a retrospective study, conducted at Leumit Health Services in Israel, to determine the kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies following administration of two doses of BNT162b2 vac...

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Autores principales: Israel, Ariel, Shenhar, Yotam, Green, Ilan, Merzon, Eugene, Golan-Cohen, Avivit, Schäffer, Alejandro A., Ruppin, Eytan, Vinker, Shlomo, Magen, Eli
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8781423/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35062724
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10010064
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author Israel, Ariel
Shenhar, Yotam
Green, Ilan
Merzon, Eugene
Golan-Cohen, Avivit
Schäffer, Alejandro A.
Ruppin, Eytan
Vinker, Shlomo
Magen, Eli
author_facet Israel, Ariel
Shenhar, Yotam
Green, Ilan
Merzon, Eugene
Golan-Cohen, Avivit
Schäffer, Alejandro A.
Ruppin, Eytan
Vinker, Shlomo
Magen, Eli
author_sort Israel, Ariel
collection PubMed
description Immune protection following either vaccination or infection with SARS-CoV-2 is thought to decrease over time. We designed a retrospective study, conducted at Leumit Health Services in Israel, to determine the kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies following administration of two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine, or SARS-CoV-2 infection in unvaccinated individuals. Antibody titers were measured between 31 January 2021, and 31 July 2021 in two mutually exclusive groups: (i) vaccinated individuals who received two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine and had no history of previous infection with COVID-19 and (ii) SARS-CoV-2 convalescents who had not received the vaccine. A total of 2653 individuals fully vaccinated by two doses of vaccine during the study period and 4361 convalescent patients were included. Higher SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody titers were observed in vaccinated individuals (median 1581 AU/mL IQR [533.8–5644.6]) after the second vaccination than in convalescent individuals (median 355.3 AU/mL IQR [141.2–998.7]; p < 0.001). In vaccinated subjects, antibody titers decreased by up to 38% each subsequent month while in convalescents they decreased by less than 5% per month. Six months after BNT162b2 vaccination 16.1% subjects had antibody levels below the seropositivity threshold of <50 AU/mL, while only 10.8% of convalescent patients were below <50 AU/mL threshold after 9 months from SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study demonstrates individuals who received the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine have different kinetics of antibody levels compared to patients who had been infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, with higher initial levels but a much faster exponential decrease in the first group.
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spelling pubmed-87814232022-01-22 Large-Scale Study of Antibody Titer Decay following BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine or SARS-CoV-2 Infection Israel, Ariel Shenhar, Yotam Green, Ilan Merzon, Eugene Golan-Cohen, Avivit Schäffer, Alejandro A. Ruppin, Eytan Vinker, Shlomo Magen, Eli Vaccines (Basel) Article Immune protection following either vaccination or infection with SARS-CoV-2 is thought to decrease over time. We designed a retrospective study, conducted at Leumit Health Services in Israel, to determine the kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies following administration of two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine, or SARS-CoV-2 infection in unvaccinated individuals. Antibody titers were measured between 31 January 2021, and 31 July 2021 in two mutually exclusive groups: (i) vaccinated individuals who received two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine and had no history of previous infection with COVID-19 and (ii) SARS-CoV-2 convalescents who had not received the vaccine. A total of 2653 individuals fully vaccinated by two doses of vaccine during the study period and 4361 convalescent patients were included. Higher SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody titers were observed in vaccinated individuals (median 1581 AU/mL IQR [533.8–5644.6]) after the second vaccination than in convalescent individuals (median 355.3 AU/mL IQR [141.2–998.7]; p < 0.001). In vaccinated subjects, antibody titers decreased by up to 38% each subsequent month while in convalescents they decreased by less than 5% per month. Six months after BNT162b2 vaccination 16.1% subjects had antibody levels below the seropositivity threshold of <50 AU/mL, while only 10.8% of convalescent patients were below <50 AU/mL threshold after 9 months from SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study demonstrates individuals who received the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine have different kinetics of antibody levels compared to patients who had been infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, with higher initial levels but a much faster exponential decrease in the first group. MDPI 2021-12-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8781423/ /pubmed/35062724 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10010064 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Israel, Ariel
Shenhar, Yotam
Green, Ilan
Merzon, Eugene
Golan-Cohen, Avivit
Schäffer, Alejandro A.
Ruppin, Eytan
Vinker, Shlomo
Magen, Eli
Large-Scale Study of Antibody Titer Decay following BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine or SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title Large-Scale Study of Antibody Titer Decay following BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine or SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_full Large-Scale Study of Antibody Titer Decay following BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine or SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_fullStr Large-Scale Study of Antibody Titer Decay following BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine or SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_full_unstemmed Large-Scale Study of Antibody Titer Decay following BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine or SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_short Large-Scale Study of Antibody Titer Decay following BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine or SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_sort large-scale study of antibody titer decay following bnt162b2 mrna vaccine or sars-cov-2 infection
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8781423/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35062724
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10010064
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