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Novel Approaches for Species Concepts and Delimitation in Polyploids and Hybrids

Hybridization and polyploidization are important processes for plant evolution. However, classification of hybrid or polyploid species has been notoriously difficult because of the complexity of processes and different evolutionary scenarios that do not fit with classical species concepts. Polyploid...

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Autor principal: Hörandl, Elvira
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8781807/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35050093
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11020204
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author Hörandl, Elvira
author_facet Hörandl, Elvira
author_sort Hörandl, Elvira
collection PubMed
description Hybridization and polyploidization are important processes for plant evolution. However, classification of hybrid or polyploid species has been notoriously difficult because of the complexity of processes and different evolutionary scenarios that do not fit with classical species concepts. Polyploid complexes are formed via combinations of allopolyploidy, autopolyploidy and homoploid hybridization with persisting sexual reproduction, resulting in many discrete lineages that have been classified as species. Polyploid complexes with facultative apomixis result in complicated net-work like clusters, or rarely in agamospecies. Various case studies illustrate the problems that apply to traditional species concepts to hybrids and polyploids. Conceptual progress can be made if lineage formation is accepted as an inevitable consequence of meiotic sex, which is established already in the first eukaryotes as a DNA restoration tool. The turnaround of the viewpoint that sex forms species as lineages helps to overcome traditional thinking of species as “units”. Lineage formation and self-sustainability is the prerequisite for speciation and can also be applied to hybrids and polyploids. Species delimitation is aided by the improved recognition of lineages via various novel -omics methods, by understanding meiosis functions, and by recognizing functional phenotypes by considering morphological-physiological-ecological adaptations.
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spelling pubmed-87818072022-01-22 Novel Approaches for Species Concepts and Delimitation in Polyploids and Hybrids Hörandl, Elvira Plants (Basel) Review Hybridization and polyploidization are important processes for plant evolution. However, classification of hybrid or polyploid species has been notoriously difficult because of the complexity of processes and different evolutionary scenarios that do not fit with classical species concepts. Polyploid complexes are formed via combinations of allopolyploidy, autopolyploidy and homoploid hybridization with persisting sexual reproduction, resulting in many discrete lineages that have been classified as species. Polyploid complexes with facultative apomixis result in complicated net-work like clusters, or rarely in agamospecies. Various case studies illustrate the problems that apply to traditional species concepts to hybrids and polyploids. Conceptual progress can be made if lineage formation is accepted as an inevitable consequence of meiotic sex, which is established already in the first eukaryotes as a DNA restoration tool. The turnaround of the viewpoint that sex forms species as lineages helps to overcome traditional thinking of species as “units”. Lineage formation and self-sustainability is the prerequisite for speciation and can also be applied to hybrids and polyploids. Species delimitation is aided by the improved recognition of lineages via various novel -omics methods, by understanding meiosis functions, and by recognizing functional phenotypes by considering morphological-physiological-ecological adaptations. MDPI 2022-01-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8781807/ /pubmed/35050093 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11020204 Text en © 2022 by the author. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Hörandl, Elvira
Novel Approaches for Species Concepts and Delimitation in Polyploids and Hybrids
title Novel Approaches for Species Concepts and Delimitation in Polyploids and Hybrids
title_full Novel Approaches for Species Concepts and Delimitation in Polyploids and Hybrids
title_fullStr Novel Approaches for Species Concepts and Delimitation in Polyploids and Hybrids
title_full_unstemmed Novel Approaches for Species Concepts and Delimitation in Polyploids and Hybrids
title_short Novel Approaches for Species Concepts and Delimitation in Polyploids and Hybrids
title_sort novel approaches for species concepts and delimitation in polyploids and hybrids
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8781807/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35050093
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11020204
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