Maintaining mitochondrial ribosome function: The role of ribosome rescue and recycling factors

The universally conserved process of protein biosynthesis is crucial for maintaining cellular homoeostasis and in eukaryotes, mitochondrial translation is essential for aerobic energy production. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) are highly specialized to synthesize 13 core subunits of the oxi...

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Autores principales: Nadler, Franziska, Lavdovskaia, Elena, Richter-Dennerlein, Ricarda
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Taylor & Francis 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8786322/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34923906
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15476286.2021.2015561
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author Nadler, Franziska
Lavdovskaia, Elena
Richter-Dennerlein, Ricarda
author_facet Nadler, Franziska
Lavdovskaia, Elena
Richter-Dennerlein, Ricarda
author_sort Nadler, Franziska
collection PubMed
description The universally conserved process of protein biosynthesis is crucial for maintaining cellular homoeostasis and in eukaryotes, mitochondrial translation is essential for aerobic energy production. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) are highly specialized to synthesize 13 core subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes. Although the mitochondrial translation machinery traces its origin from a bacterial ancestor, it has acquired substantial differences within this endosymbiotic environment. The cycle of mitoribosome function proceeds through the conserved canonical steps of initiation, elongation, termination and mitoribosome recycling. However, when mitoribosomes operate in the context of limited translation factors or on aberrant mRNAs, they can become stalled and activation of rescue mechanisms is required. This review summarizes recent advances in the understanding of protein biosynthesis in mitochondria, focusing especially on the mechanistic and physiological details of translation termination, and mitoribosome recycling and rescue.
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spelling pubmed-87863222022-01-25 Maintaining mitochondrial ribosome function: The role of ribosome rescue and recycling factors Nadler, Franziska Lavdovskaia, Elena Richter-Dennerlein, Ricarda RNA Biol Review The universally conserved process of protein biosynthesis is crucial for maintaining cellular homoeostasis and in eukaryotes, mitochondrial translation is essential for aerobic energy production. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) are highly specialized to synthesize 13 core subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes. Although the mitochondrial translation machinery traces its origin from a bacterial ancestor, it has acquired substantial differences within this endosymbiotic environment. The cycle of mitoribosome function proceeds through the conserved canonical steps of initiation, elongation, termination and mitoribosome recycling. However, when mitoribosomes operate in the context of limited translation factors or on aberrant mRNAs, they can become stalled and activation of rescue mechanisms is required. This review summarizes recent advances in the understanding of protein biosynthesis in mitochondria, focusing especially on the mechanistic and physiological details of translation termination, and mitoribosome recycling and rescue. Taylor & Francis 2021-12-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8786322/ /pubmed/34923906 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15476286.2021.2015561 Text en © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Nadler, Franziska
Lavdovskaia, Elena
Richter-Dennerlein, Ricarda
Maintaining mitochondrial ribosome function: The role of ribosome rescue and recycling factors
title Maintaining mitochondrial ribosome function: The role of ribosome rescue and recycling factors
title_full Maintaining mitochondrial ribosome function: The role of ribosome rescue and recycling factors
title_fullStr Maintaining mitochondrial ribosome function: The role of ribosome rescue and recycling factors
title_full_unstemmed Maintaining mitochondrial ribosome function: The role of ribosome rescue and recycling factors
title_short Maintaining mitochondrial ribosome function: The role of ribosome rescue and recycling factors
title_sort maintaining mitochondrial ribosome function: the role of ribosome rescue and recycling factors
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8786322/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34923906
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15476286.2021.2015561
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