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Bioindicators of severe ocean acidification are absent from the end-Permian mass extinction
The role of ocean acidification in the end-Permian mass extinction is highly controversial with conflicting hypotheses relating to its timing and extent. Observations and experiments on living molluscs demonstrate that those inhabiting acidic settings exhibit characteristic morphological deformities...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8786885/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35075151 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-04991-9 |
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author | Foster, William J. Hirtz, J. A. Farrell, C. Reistroffer, M. Twitchett, R. J. Martindale, R. C. |
author_facet | Foster, William J. Hirtz, J. A. Farrell, C. Reistroffer, M. Twitchett, R. J. Martindale, R. C. |
author_sort | Foster, William J. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The role of ocean acidification in the end-Permian mass extinction is highly controversial with conflicting hypotheses relating to its timing and extent. Observations and experiments on living molluscs demonstrate that those inhabiting acidic settings exhibit characteristic morphological deformities and disordered shell ultrastructures. These deformities should be recognisable in the fossil record, and provide a robust palaeo-proxy for severe ocean acidification. Here, we use fossils of originally aragonitic invertebrates to test whether ocean acidification occurred during the Permian–Triassic transition. Our results show that we can reject a hypothesised worldwide basal Triassic ocean acidification event owing to the absence of deformities and repair marks on bivalves and gastropods from the Triassic Hindeodus parvus Conodont Zone. We could not, however, utilise this proxy to test the role of a hypothesised acidification event just prior to and/or during the mass extinction event. If ocean acidification did develop during the mass extinction event, then it most likely only occurred in the latest Permian, and was not severe enough to impact calcification. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8786885 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87868852022-01-25 Bioindicators of severe ocean acidification are absent from the end-Permian mass extinction Foster, William J. Hirtz, J. A. Farrell, C. Reistroffer, M. Twitchett, R. J. Martindale, R. C. Sci Rep Article The role of ocean acidification in the end-Permian mass extinction is highly controversial with conflicting hypotheses relating to its timing and extent. Observations and experiments on living molluscs demonstrate that those inhabiting acidic settings exhibit characteristic morphological deformities and disordered shell ultrastructures. These deformities should be recognisable in the fossil record, and provide a robust palaeo-proxy for severe ocean acidification. Here, we use fossils of originally aragonitic invertebrates to test whether ocean acidification occurred during the Permian–Triassic transition. Our results show that we can reject a hypothesised worldwide basal Triassic ocean acidification event owing to the absence of deformities and repair marks on bivalves and gastropods from the Triassic Hindeodus parvus Conodont Zone. We could not, however, utilise this proxy to test the role of a hypothesised acidification event just prior to and/or during the mass extinction event. If ocean acidification did develop during the mass extinction event, then it most likely only occurred in the latest Permian, and was not severe enough to impact calcification. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-01-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8786885/ /pubmed/35075151 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-04991-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Foster, William J. Hirtz, J. A. Farrell, C. Reistroffer, M. Twitchett, R. J. Martindale, R. C. Bioindicators of severe ocean acidification are absent from the end-Permian mass extinction |
title | Bioindicators of severe ocean acidification are absent from the end-Permian mass extinction |
title_full | Bioindicators of severe ocean acidification are absent from the end-Permian mass extinction |
title_fullStr | Bioindicators of severe ocean acidification are absent from the end-Permian mass extinction |
title_full_unstemmed | Bioindicators of severe ocean acidification are absent from the end-Permian mass extinction |
title_short | Bioindicators of severe ocean acidification are absent from the end-Permian mass extinction |
title_sort | bioindicators of severe ocean acidification are absent from the end-permian mass extinction |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8786885/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35075151 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-04991-9 |
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