Cargando…
Composite Bioinks With Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses—A Critical Evaluation of Results Obtained by In Vitro Experiments
Besides osteoconductivity and a high degradation rate, mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) are specific for their highly ordered channel structure and high specific surface area, making them suitable as drug and/or growth factor delivery systems. On the other hand, the mesoporous channel structure a...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8787041/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35087798 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.767256 |
_version_ | 1784639272485126144 |
---|---|
author | Guduric, Vera Wieckhusen, Johannes Bernhardt, Anne Ahlfeld, Tilman Lode, Anja Wu, Chengtie Gelinsky, Michael |
author_facet | Guduric, Vera Wieckhusen, Johannes Bernhardt, Anne Ahlfeld, Tilman Lode, Anja Wu, Chengtie Gelinsky, Michael |
author_sort | Guduric, Vera |
collection | PubMed |
description | Besides osteoconductivity and a high degradation rate, mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) are specific for their highly ordered channel structure and high specific surface area, making them suitable as drug and/or growth factor delivery systems. On the other hand, the mesoporous channel structure and MBG composition can have an effect on common cell evaluation assays, leading to inconclusive results. This effect is especially important when MBG is mixed in composite bioinks, together with cells. Additionally, the hydrogel component of the ink can influence the degradation of MBG, leading to different ion releases, which can additionally affect the analyses. Hence, our aim here was to show how the MBG structure and composition influence common cell viability and differentiation assays when calcium (Ca)- or magnesium (Mg)-containing glass is part of an alginate-based composite bioink. We suggested pre-labeling of cells with DiI prior to bioprinting and staining with calcein-AM to allow identification of metabolically active cells expressing signals in both green and red channels, allowing the use of fluorescence imaging for cell viability evaluations in the presence of high amounts (7 wt %) of MBGs. The release and uptake of ions during degradation of CaMBG and MgMBG were significantly changed by alginate in the composite bioinks, as confirmed by higher release and uptake from bulk glasses. Additionally, we detected a burst release of Mg(2+) from composites only after 24 h of incubation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that released ions and the mesoporous channel structure affect the measurement of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) in bioprinted composite scaffolds. Measured LDH activity was significantly decreased in the presence of CaMBG. On the other hand, the presence of MgMBG induced increased signal measured for the ALP. Taken together, our findings show how composite bioinks containing MBGs can interfere with common analyses, obtaining misleading results. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8787041 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87870412022-01-26 Composite Bioinks With Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses—A Critical Evaluation of Results Obtained by In Vitro Experiments Guduric, Vera Wieckhusen, Johannes Bernhardt, Anne Ahlfeld, Tilman Lode, Anja Wu, Chengtie Gelinsky, Michael Front Bioeng Biotechnol Bioengineering and Biotechnology Besides osteoconductivity and a high degradation rate, mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) are specific for their highly ordered channel structure and high specific surface area, making them suitable as drug and/or growth factor delivery systems. On the other hand, the mesoporous channel structure and MBG composition can have an effect on common cell evaluation assays, leading to inconclusive results. This effect is especially important when MBG is mixed in composite bioinks, together with cells. Additionally, the hydrogel component of the ink can influence the degradation of MBG, leading to different ion releases, which can additionally affect the analyses. Hence, our aim here was to show how the MBG structure and composition influence common cell viability and differentiation assays when calcium (Ca)- or magnesium (Mg)-containing glass is part of an alginate-based composite bioink. We suggested pre-labeling of cells with DiI prior to bioprinting and staining with calcein-AM to allow identification of metabolically active cells expressing signals in both green and red channels, allowing the use of fluorescence imaging for cell viability evaluations in the presence of high amounts (7 wt %) of MBGs. The release and uptake of ions during degradation of CaMBG and MgMBG were significantly changed by alginate in the composite bioinks, as confirmed by higher release and uptake from bulk glasses. Additionally, we detected a burst release of Mg(2+) from composites only after 24 h of incubation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that released ions and the mesoporous channel structure affect the measurement of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) in bioprinted composite scaffolds. Measured LDH activity was significantly decreased in the presence of CaMBG. On the other hand, the presence of MgMBG induced increased signal measured for the ALP. Taken together, our findings show how composite bioinks containing MBGs can interfere with common analyses, obtaining misleading results. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-01-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8787041/ /pubmed/35087798 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.767256 Text en Copyright © 2022 Guduric, Wieckhusen, Bernhardt, Ahlfeld, Lode, Wu and Gelinsky. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Bioengineering and Biotechnology Guduric, Vera Wieckhusen, Johannes Bernhardt, Anne Ahlfeld, Tilman Lode, Anja Wu, Chengtie Gelinsky, Michael Composite Bioinks With Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses—A Critical Evaluation of Results Obtained by In Vitro Experiments |
title | Composite Bioinks With Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses—A Critical Evaluation of Results Obtained by In Vitro Experiments |
title_full | Composite Bioinks With Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses—A Critical Evaluation of Results Obtained by In Vitro Experiments |
title_fullStr | Composite Bioinks With Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses—A Critical Evaluation of Results Obtained by In Vitro Experiments |
title_full_unstemmed | Composite Bioinks With Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses—A Critical Evaluation of Results Obtained by In Vitro Experiments |
title_short | Composite Bioinks With Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses—A Critical Evaluation of Results Obtained by In Vitro Experiments |
title_sort | composite bioinks with mesoporous bioactive glasses—a critical evaluation of results obtained by in vitro experiments |
topic | Bioengineering and Biotechnology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8787041/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35087798 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.767256 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT guduricvera compositebioinkswithmesoporousbioactiveglassesacriticalevaluationofresultsobtainedbyinvitroexperiments AT wieckhusenjohannes compositebioinkswithmesoporousbioactiveglassesacriticalevaluationofresultsobtainedbyinvitroexperiments AT bernhardtanne compositebioinkswithmesoporousbioactiveglassesacriticalevaluationofresultsobtainedbyinvitroexperiments AT ahlfeldtilman compositebioinkswithmesoporousbioactiveglassesacriticalevaluationofresultsobtainedbyinvitroexperiments AT lodeanja compositebioinkswithmesoporousbioactiveglassesacriticalevaluationofresultsobtainedbyinvitroexperiments AT wuchengtie compositebioinkswithmesoporousbioactiveglassesacriticalevaluationofresultsobtainedbyinvitroexperiments AT gelinskymichael compositebioinkswithmesoporousbioactiveglassesacriticalevaluationofresultsobtainedbyinvitroexperiments |