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Factors Determining Long-Term Antitumor Responses to Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy in Melanoma

With the increasing promise of long-term survival with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies, particularly for patients with advanced melanoma, clinicians and investigators are driven to identify prognostic and predictive factors that may help to identify individuals who are likely to experienc...

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Autores principales: Loo, Kimberly, Smithy, James W., Postow, Michael A., Betof Warner, Allison
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8787112/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35087529
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.810388
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author Loo, Kimberly
Smithy, James W.
Postow, Michael A.
Betof Warner, Allison
author_facet Loo, Kimberly
Smithy, James W.
Postow, Michael A.
Betof Warner, Allison
author_sort Loo, Kimberly
collection PubMed
description With the increasing promise of long-term survival with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies, particularly for patients with advanced melanoma, clinicians and investigators are driven to identify prognostic and predictive factors that may help to identify individuals who are likely to experience durable benefit. Several ICB combinations are being actively developed to expand the armamentarium of treatments for patients who may not achieve long-term responses to ICB single therapies alone. Thus, negative predictive markers are also of great interest. This review seeks to deepen our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the durability of ICB treatments. We will discuss the currently available long-term data from the ICB clinical trials and real-world studies describing the survivorship of ICB-treated melanoma patients. Additionally, we explore the current treatment outcomes in patients rechallenged with ICB and the patterns of ICB resistance based on sites of disease, namely, liver or CNS metastases. Lastly, we discuss the landscape in melanoma in the context of prognostic or predictive factors as markers of long-term response to ICB.
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spelling pubmed-87871122022-01-26 Factors Determining Long-Term Antitumor Responses to Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy in Melanoma Loo, Kimberly Smithy, James W. Postow, Michael A. Betof Warner, Allison Front Immunol Immunology With the increasing promise of long-term survival with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies, particularly for patients with advanced melanoma, clinicians and investigators are driven to identify prognostic and predictive factors that may help to identify individuals who are likely to experience durable benefit. Several ICB combinations are being actively developed to expand the armamentarium of treatments for patients who may not achieve long-term responses to ICB single therapies alone. Thus, negative predictive markers are also of great interest. This review seeks to deepen our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the durability of ICB treatments. We will discuss the currently available long-term data from the ICB clinical trials and real-world studies describing the survivorship of ICB-treated melanoma patients. Additionally, we explore the current treatment outcomes in patients rechallenged with ICB and the patterns of ICB resistance based on sites of disease, namely, liver or CNS metastases. Lastly, we discuss the landscape in melanoma in the context of prognostic or predictive factors as markers of long-term response to ICB. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-01-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8787112/ /pubmed/35087529 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.810388 Text en Copyright © 2022 Loo, Smithy, Postow and Betof Warner https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Loo, Kimberly
Smithy, James W.
Postow, Michael A.
Betof Warner, Allison
Factors Determining Long-Term Antitumor Responses to Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy in Melanoma
title Factors Determining Long-Term Antitumor Responses to Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy in Melanoma
title_full Factors Determining Long-Term Antitumor Responses to Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy in Melanoma
title_fullStr Factors Determining Long-Term Antitumor Responses to Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy in Melanoma
title_full_unstemmed Factors Determining Long-Term Antitumor Responses to Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy in Melanoma
title_short Factors Determining Long-Term Antitumor Responses to Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy in Melanoma
title_sort factors determining long-term antitumor responses to immune checkpoint blockade therapy in melanoma
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8787112/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35087529
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.810388
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