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Electrical Stimulation for Immune Modulation in Cancer Treatments
Immunotherapy is becoming a very common treatment for cancer, using approaches like checkpoint inhibition, T cell transfer therapy, monoclonal antibodies and cancer vaccination. However, these approaches involve high doses of immune therapeutics with problematic side effects. A promising approach to...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8788921/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35087799 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.795300 |
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author | Das, Ritopa Langou, Sofia Le, Thinh T. Prasad, Pooja Lin, Feng Nguyen, Thanh D. |
author_facet | Das, Ritopa Langou, Sofia Le, Thinh T. Prasad, Pooja Lin, Feng Nguyen, Thanh D. |
author_sort | Das, Ritopa |
collection | PubMed |
description | Immunotherapy is becoming a very common treatment for cancer, using approaches like checkpoint inhibition, T cell transfer therapy, monoclonal antibodies and cancer vaccination. However, these approaches involve high doses of immune therapeutics with problematic side effects. A promising approach to reducing the dose of immunotherapeutic agents given to a cancer patient is to combine it with electrical stimulation, which can act in two ways; it can either modulate the immune system to produce the immune cytokines and agents in the patient’s body or it can increase the cellular uptake of these immune agents via electroporation. Electrical stimulation in form of direct current has been shown to reduce tumor sizes in immune-competent mice while having no effect on tumor sizes in immune-deficient mice. Several studies have used nano-pulsed electrical stimulations to activate the immune system and drive it against tumor cells. This approach has been utilized for different types of cancers, like fibrosarcoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, human papillomavirus etc. Another common approach is to combine electrochemotherapy with immune modulation, either by inducing immunogenic cell death or injecting immunostimulants that increase the effectiveness of the treatments. Several therapies utilize electroporation to deliver immunostimulants (like genes encoded with cytokine producing sequences, cancer specific antigens or fragments of anti-tumor toxins) more effectively. Lastly, electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve can trigger production and activation of anti-tumor immune cells and immune reactions. Hence, the use of electrical stimulation to modulate the immune system in different ways can be a promising approach to treat cancer. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8788921 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87889212022-01-26 Electrical Stimulation for Immune Modulation in Cancer Treatments Das, Ritopa Langou, Sofia Le, Thinh T. Prasad, Pooja Lin, Feng Nguyen, Thanh D. Front Bioeng Biotechnol Bioengineering and Biotechnology Immunotherapy is becoming a very common treatment for cancer, using approaches like checkpoint inhibition, T cell transfer therapy, monoclonal antibodies and cancer vaccination. However, these approaches involve high doses of immune therapeutics with problematic side effects. A promising approach to reducing the dose of immunotherapeutic agents given to a cancer patient is to combine it with electrical stimulation, which can act in two ways; it can either modulate the immune system to produce the immune cytokines and agents in the patient’s body or it can increase the cellular uptake of these immune agents via electroporation. Electrical stimulation in form of direct current has been shown to reduce tumor sizes in immune-competent mice while having no effect on tumor sizes in immune-deficient mice. Several studies have used nano-pulsed electrical stimulations to activate the immune system and drive it against tumor cells. This approach has been utilized for different types of cancers, like fibrosarcoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, human papillomavirus etc. Another common approach is to combine electrochemotherapy with immune modulation, either by inducing immunogenic cell death or injecting immunostimulants that increase the effectiveness of the treatments. Several therapies utilize electroporation to deliver immunostimulants (like genes encoded with cytokine producing sequences, cancer specific antigens or fragments of anti-tumor toxins) more effectively. Lastly, electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve can trigger production and activation of anti-tumor immune cells and immune reactions. Hence, the use of electrical stimulation to modulate the immune system in different ways can be a promising approach to treat cancer. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-01-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8788921/ /pubmed/35087799 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.795300 Text en Copyright © 2022 Das, Langou, Le, Prasad, Lin and Nguyen. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Bioengineering and Biotechnology Das, Ritopa Langou, Sofia Le, Thinh T. Prasad, Pooja Lin, Feng Nguyen, Thanh D. Electrical Stimulation for Immune Modulation in Cancer Treatments |
title | Electrical Stimulation for Immune Modulation in Cancer Treatments |
title_full | Electrical Stimulation for Immune Modulation in Cancer Treatments |
title_fullStr | Electrical Stimulation for Immune Modulation in Cancer Treatments |
title_full_unstemmed | Electrical Stimulation for Immune Modulation in Cancer Treatments |
title_short | Electrical Stimulation for Immune Modulation in Cancer Treatments |
title_sort | electrical stimulation for immune modulation in cancer treatments |
topic | Bioengineering and Biotechnology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8788921/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35087799 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.795300 |
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