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From the Discovery of Extremozymes to an Enzymatic Product: Roadmap Based on Their Applications
With the advent of the industrial revolution, the use of toxic compounds has grown exponentially, leading to a considerable pollution of the environment. Consequently, the development of more environmentally conscious technologies is an urgent need. Industrial biocatalysis appears as one potential s...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8790482/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35096788 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.752281 |
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author | Espina, Giannina Muñoz-Ibacache, Sebastián A. Cáceres-Moreno, Paulina Amenabar, Maximiliano J. Blamey, Jenny M. |
author_facet | Espina, Giannina Muñoz-Ibacache, Sebastián A. Cáceres-Moreno, Paulina Amenabar, Maximiliano J. Blamey, Jenny M. |
author_sort | Espina, Giannina |
collection | PubMed |
description | With the advent of the industrial revolution, the use of toxic compounds has grown exponentially, leading to a considerable pollution of the environment. Consequently, the development of more environmentally conscious technologies is an urgent need. Industrial biocatalysis appears as one potential solution, where a higher demand for more robust enzymes aims to replace toxic chemical catalysts. To date, most of the commercially available enzymes are of mesophilic origin, displaying optimal activity in narrow ranges of temperature and pH (i.e., between 20°C and 45°C, neutral pH), limiting their actual application under industrial reaction settings, where they usually underperform, requiring larger quantities to compensate loss of activity. In order to obtain novel biocatalysts better suited for industrial conditions, an efficient solution is to take advantage of nature by searching and discovering enzymes from extremophiles. These microorganisms and their macromolecules have already adapted to thrive in environments that present extreme physicochemical conditions. Hence, extremophilic enzymes stand out for showing higher activity, stability, and robustness than their mesophilic counterparts, being able to carry out reactions at nonstandard conditions. In this brief research report we describe three examples to illustrate a stepwise strategy for the development and production of commercial extremozymes, including a catalase from an Antarctic psychrotolerant microorganism, a laccase from a thermoalkaliphilic bacterium isolated from a hot spring and an amine-transaminase from a thermophilic bacterium isolated from a geothermal site in Antarctica. We will also explore some of their interesting biotechnological applications and comparisons with commercial enzymes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8790482 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87904822022-01-27 From the Discovery of Extremozymes to an Enzymatic Product: Roadmap Based on Their Applications Espina, Giannina Muñoz-Ibacache, Sebastián A. Cáceres-Moreno, Paulina Amenabar, Maximiliano J. Blamey, Jenny M. Front Bioeng Biotechnol Bioengineering and Biotechnology With the advent of the industrial revolution, the use of toxic compounds has grown exponentially, leading to a considerable pollution of the environment. Consequently, the development of more environmentally conscious technologies is an urgent need. Industrial biocatalysis appears as one potential solution, where a higher demand for more robust enzymes aims to replace toxic chemical catalysts. To date, most of the commercially available enzymes are of mesophilic origin, displaying optimal activity in narrow ranges of temperature and pH (i.e., between 20°C and 45°C, neutral pH), limiting their actual application under industrial reaction settings, where they usually underperform, requiring larger quantities to compensate loss of activity. In order to obtain novel biocatalysts better suited for industrial conditions, an efficient solution is to take advantage of nature by searching and discovering enzymes from extremophiles. These microorganisms and their macromolecules have already adapted to thrive in environments that present extreme physicochemical conditions. Hence, extremophilic enzymes stand out for showing higher activity, stability, and robustness than their mesophilic counterparts, being able to carry out reactions at nonstandard conditions. In this brief research report we describe three examples to illustrate a stepwise strategy for the development and production of commercial extremozymes, including a catalase from an Antarctic psychrotolerant microorganism, a laccase from a thermoalkaliphilic bacterium isolated from a hot spring and an amine-transaminase from a thermophilic bacterium isolated from a geothermal site in Antarctica. We will also explore some of their interesting biotechnological applications and comparisons with commercial enzymes. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-01-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8790482/ /pubmed/35096788 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.752281 Text en Copyright © 2022 Espina, Muñoz-Ibacache, Cáceres-Moreno, Amenabar and Blamey. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Bioengineering and Biotechnology Espina, Giannina Muñoz-Ibacache, Sebastián A. Cáceres-Moreno, Paulina Amenabar, Maximiliano J. Blamey, Jenny M. From the Discovery of Extremozymes to an Enzymatic Product: Roadmap Based on Their Applications |
title | From the Discovery of Extremozymes to an Enzymatic Product: Roadmap Based on Their Applications |
title_full | From the Discovery of Extremozymes to an Enzymatic Product: Roadmap Based on Their Applications |
title_fullStr | From the Discovery of Extremozymes to an Enzymatic Product: Roadmap Based on Their Applications |
title_full_unstemmed | From the Discovery of Extremozymes to an Enzymatic Product: Roadmap Based on Their Applications |
title_short | From the Discovery of Extremozymes to an Enzymatic Product: Roadmap Based on Their Applications |
title_sort | from the discovery of extremozymes to an enzymatic product: roadmap based on their applications |
topic | Bioengineering and Biotechnology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8790482/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35096788 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.752281 |
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