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Does breastfeeding account for the association between maternal sensitivity and infant cognitive development in a large, nationally representative cohort?
BACKGROUND: Previous research has established that exposure to high maternal sensitivity is positively associated with advances in infant cognitive development. However, there are many fixed and modifiable factors that influence this association. This study investigates whether the association betwe...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8790903/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35081932 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12887-022-03133-4 |
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author | Banerjee, P. Nina McFadden, Karen E. Shannon, Jacqueline D. Davidson, Leslie L. |
author_facet | Banerjee, P. Nina McFadden, Karen E. Shannon, Jacqueline D. Davidson, Leslie L. |
author_sort | Banerjee, P. Nina |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Previous research has established that exposure to high maternal sensitivity is positively associated with advances in infant cognitive development. However, there are many fixed and modifiable factors that influence this association. This study investigates whether the association between maternal sensitivity and infant cognitive development in the first year of life is accounted for by other factors, such as breastfeeding, maternal depressive symptoms, maternal alcohol use, infant birth weight or demographic covariates. METHODS: Using data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth (ECLS-B) Cohort, a nationally representative sample of U.S. born children, multi-variable regression analyses was used to examine whether breastfeeding, maternal depressive symptoms and alcohol use were associated with maternal sensitivity, as measured by the Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale (NCATS), and with infant cognitive development, as measured by the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Short Form, Research Edition, after controlling for demographic covariates (infant sex, maternal age, education, race/ethnicity, income, parity, family structure) and infant birth weight. RESULTS: Breastfeeding, depressive symptoms and alcohol use were not associated with maternal sensitivity scores after controlling for demographic covariates and infant birth weight. However, breastfeeding (β = .079, p < .001), depressive symptoms (β = −.035, p < .05), and maternal sensitivity (β = .175, p < .001) were each significantly associated with infant cognitive development scores, even after controlling for demographic covariates and birthweight (R(2) = .053, p < .001). The association between maternal sensitivity and infant cognitive development did not attenuate after adjusting for breastfeeding. Instead, both sensitivity and breastfeeding independently contributed to higher infant cognitive development scores. CONCLUSION: Maternal sensitivity and breastfeeding are separate means to advancing infant cognitive development. This study is significant because it is the first to examine breastfeeding, maternal depressive symptoms and alcohol use together, upon the association between maternal sensitivity and infant cognitive development, after adjusting for demographic covariates and infant birthweight. Maternal sensitivity, a measurable quality, advances infants’ cognitive development. Moreover, sensitivity and breastfeeding had independent effects upon cognitive development after controlling for multiple fixed and modifiable covariates. Understanding factors impacting the association between sensitivity and infant cognitive development provide avenues for developing more effective parenting interventions. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12887-022-03133-4. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8790903 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87909032022-01-26 Does breastfeeding account for the association between maternal sensitivity and infant cognitive development in a large, nationally representative cohort? Banerjee, P. Nina McFadden, Karen E. Shannon, Jacqueline D. Davidson, Leslie L. BMC Pediatr Research Article BACKGROUND: Previous research has established that exposure to high maternal sensitivity is positively associated with advances in infant cognitive development. However, there are many fixed and modifiable factors that influence this association. This study investigates whether the association between maternal sensitivity and infant cognitive development in the first year of life is accounted for by other factors, such as breastfeeding, maternal depressive symptoms, maternal alcohol use, infant birth weight or demographic covariates. METHODS: Using data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth (ECLS-B) Cohort, a nationally representative sample of U.S. born children, multi-variable regression analyses was used to examine whether breastfeeding, maternal depressive symptoms and alcohol use were associated with maternal sensitivity, as measured by the Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale (NCATS), and with infant cognitive development, as measured by the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Short Form, Research Edition, after controlling for demographic covariates (infant sex, maternal age, education, race/ethnicity, income, parity, family structure) and infant birth weight. RESULTS: Breastfeeding, depressive symptoms and alcohol use were not associated with maternal sensitivity scores after controlling for demographic covariates and infant birth weight. However, breastfeeding (β = .079, p < .001), depressive symptoms (β = −.035, p < .05), and maternal sensitivity (β = .175, p < .001) were each significantly associated with infant cognitive development scores, even after controlling for demographic covariates and birthweight (R(2) = .053, p < .001). The association between maternal sensitivity and infant cognitive development did not attenuate after adjusting for breastfeeding. Instead, both sensitivity and breastfeeding independently contributed to higher infant cognitive development scores. CONCLUSION: Maternal sensitivity and breastfeeding are separate means to advancing infant cognitive development. This study is significant because it is the first to examine breastfeeding, maternal depressive symptoms and alcohol use together, upon the association between maternal sensitivity and infant cognitive development, after adjusting for demographic covariates and infant birthweight. Maternal sensitivity, a measurable quality, advances infants’ cognitive development. Moreover, sensitivity and breastfeeding had independent effects upon cognitive development after controlling for multiple fixed and modifiable covariates. Understanding factors impacting the association between sensitivity and infant cognitive development provide avenues for developing more effective parenting interventions. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12887-022-03133-4. BioMed Central 2022-01-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8790903/ /pubmed/35081932 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12887-022-03133-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Banerjee, P. Nina McFadden, Karen E. Shannon, Jacqueline D. Davidson, Leslie L. Does breastfeeding account for the association between maternal sensitivity and infant cognitive development in a large, nationally representative cohort? |
title | Does breastfeeding account for the association between maternal sensitivity and infant cognitive development in a large, nationally representative cohort? |
title_full | Does breastfeeding account for the association between maternal sensitivity and infant cognitive development in a large, nationally representative cohort? |
title_fullStr | Does breastfeeding account for the association between maternal sensitivity and infant cognitive development in a large, nationally representative cohort? |
title_full_unstemmed | Does breastfeeding account for the association between maternal sensitivity and infant cognitive development in a large, nationally representative cohort? |
title_short | Does breastfeeding account for the association between maternal sensitivity and infant cognitive development in a large, nationally representative cohort? |
title_sort | does breastfeeding account for the association between maternal sensitivity and infant cognitive development in a large, nationally representative cohort? |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8790903/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35081932 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12887-022-03133-4 |
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