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Solventless Microextration Techniques for Pharmaceutical Analysis: The Greener Solution

Extensive efforts have been made in the last decades to simplify the holistic sample preparation process. The idea of maximizing the extraction efficiency along with the reduction of extraction time, minimization/elimination of hazardous solvents, and miniaturization of the extraction device, elimin...

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Autor principal: Mohamed, Heba M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8792605/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35096766
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2021.785830
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author Mohamed, Heba M.
author_facet Mohamed, Heba M.
author_sort Mohamed, Heba M.
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description Extensive efforts have been made in the last decades to simplify the holistic sample preparation process. The idea of maximizing the extraction efficiency along with the reduction of extraction time, minimization/elimination of hazardous solvents, and miniaturization of the extraction device, eliminating sample pre- and posttreatment steps and reducing the sample volume requirement is always the goal for an analyst as it ensures the method’s congruency with the green analytical chemistry (GAC) principles and steps toward sustainability. In this context, the microextraction techniques such as solid-phase microextraction (SPME), stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE), microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS), fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE), in-tube extraction dynamic headspace (ITEX-DHS), and PAL SPME Arrow are being very active areas of research. To help transition into wider applications, the new solventless microextraction techniques have to be commercialized, automated, and validated, and their operating principles to be anchored to theory. In this work, the benefits and drawbacks of the advanced microextraction techniques will be discussed and compared, together with their applicability to the analysis of pharmaceuticals in different matrices.
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spelling pubmed-87926052022-01-28 Solventless Microextration Techniques for Pharmaceutical Analysis: The Greener Solution Mohamed, Heba M. Front Chem Chemistry Extensive efforts have been made in the last decades to simplify the holistic sample preparation process. The idea of maximizing the extraction efficiency along with the reduction of extraction time, minimization/elimination of hazardous solvents, and miniaturization of the extraction device, eliminating sample pre- and posttreatment steps and reducing the sample volume requirement is always the goal for an analyst as it ensures the method’s congruency with the green analytical chemistry (GAC) principles and steps toward sustainability. In this context, the microextraction techniques such as solid-phase microextraction (SPME), stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE), microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS), fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE), in-tube extraction dynamic headspace (ITEX-DHS), and PAL SPME Arrow are being very active areas of research. To help transition into wider applications, the new solventless microextraction techniques have to be commercialized, automated, and validated, and their operating principles to be anchored to theory. In this work, the benefits and drawbacks of the advanced microextraction techniques will be discussed and compared, together with their applicability to the analysis of pharmaceuticals in different matrices. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-01-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8792605/ /pubmed/35096766 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2021.785830 Text en Copyright © 2022 Mohamed. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Chemistry
Mohamed, Heba M.
Solventless Microextration Techniques for Pharmaceutical Analysis: The Greener Solution
title Solventless Microextration Techniques for Pharmaceutical Analysis: The Greener Solution
title_full Solventless Microextration Techniques for Pharmaceutical Analysis: The Greener Solution
title_fullStr Solventless Microextration Techniques for Pharmaceutical Analysis: The Greener Solution
title_full_unstemmed Solventless Microextration Techniques for Pharmaceutical Analysis: The Greener Solution
title_short Solventless Microextration Techniques for Pharmaceutical Analysis: The Greener Solution
title_sort solventless microextration techniques for pharmaceutical analysis: the greener solution
topic Chemistry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8792605/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35096766
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2021.785830
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