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Emerging Parasitic Protists: The Case of Perkinsea
The last century has witnessed an increasing rate of new disease emergence across the world leading to permanent loss of biodiversity. Perkinsea is a microeukaryotic parasitic phylum composed of four main lineages of parasitic protists with broad host ranges. Some of them represent major ecological...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8792838/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35095782 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.735815 |
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author | Itoïz, Sarah Metz, Sebastian Derelle, Evelyne Reñé, Albert Garcés, Esther Bass, David Soudant, Philippe Chambouvet, Aurélie |
author_facet | Itoïz, Sarah Metz, Sebastian Derelle, Evelyne Reñé, Albert Garcés, Esther Bass, David Soudant, Philippe Chambouvet, Aurélie |
author_sort | Itoïz, Sarah |
collection | PubMed |
description | The last century has witnessed an increasing rate of new disease emergence across the world leading to permanent loss of biodiversity. Perkinsea is a microeukaryotic parasitic phylum composed of four main lineages of parasitic protists with broad host ranges. Some of them represent major ecological and economical threats because of their geographically invasive ability and pathogenicity (leading to mortality events). In marine environments, three lineages are currently described, the Parviluciferaceae, the Perkinsidae, and the Xcellidae, infecting, respectively, dinoflagellates, mollusks, and fish. In contrast, only one lineage is officially described in freshwater environments: the severe Perkinsea infectious agent infecting frog tadpoles. The advent of high-throughput sequencing methods, mainly based on 18S rRNA assays, showed that Perkinsea is far more diverse than the previously four described lineages especially in freshwater environments. Indeed, some lineages could be parasites of green microalgae, but a formal nature of the interaction needs to be explored. Hence, to date, most of the newly described aquatic clusters are only defined by their environmental sequences and are still not (yet) associated with any host. The unveiling of this microbial black box presents a multitude of research challenges to understand their ecological roles and ultimately to prevent their most negative impacts. This review summarizes the biological and ecological traits of Perkinsea—their diversity, life cycle, host preferences, pathogenicity, and highlights their diversity and ubiquity in association with a wide range of hosts. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8792838 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87928382022-01-28 Emerging Parasitic Protists: The Case of Perkinsea Itoïz, Sarah Metz, Sebastian Derelle, Evelyne Reñé, Albert Garcés, Esther Bass, David Soudant, Philippe Chambouvet, Aurélie Front Microbiol Microbiology The last century has witnessed an increasing rate of new disease emergence across the world leading to permanent loss of biodiversity. Perkinsea is a microeukaryotic parasitic phylum composed of four main lineages of parasitic protists with broad host ranges. Some of them represent major ecological and economical threats because of their geographically invasive ability and pathogenicity (leading to mortality events). In marine environments, three lineages are currently described, the Parviluciferaceae, the Perkinsidae, and the Xcellidae, infecting, respectively, dinoflagellates, mollusks, and fish. In contrast, only one lineage is officially described in freshwater environments: the severe Perkinsea infectious agent infecting frog tadpoles. The advent of high-throughput sequencing methods, mainly based on 18S rRNA assays, showed that Perkinsea is far more diverse than the previously four described lineages especially in freshwater environments. Indeed, some lineages could be parasites of green microalgae, but a formal nature of the interaction needs to be explored. Hence, to date, most of the newly described aquatic clusters are only defined by their environmental sequences and are still not (yet) associated with any host. The unveiling of this microbial black box presents a multitude of research challenges to understand their ecological roles and ultimately to prevent their most negative impacts. This review summarizes the biological and ecological traits of Perkinsea—their diversity, life cycle, host preferences, pathogenicity, and highlights their diversity and ubiquity in association with a wide range of hosts. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-01-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8792838/ /pubmed/35095782 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.735815 Text en Copyright © 2022 Itoïz, Metz, Derelle, Reñé, Garcés, Bass, Soudant and Chambouvet. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Itoïz, Sarah Metz, Sebastian Derelle, Evelyne Reñé, Albert Garcés, Esther Bass, David Soudant, Philippe Chambouvet, Aurélie Emerging Parasitic Protists: The Case of Perkinsea |
title | Emerging Parasitic Protists: The Case of Perkinsea |
title_full | Emerging Parasitic Protists: The Case of Perkinsea |
title_fullStr | Emerging Parasitic Protists: The Case of Perkinsea |
title_full_unstemmed | Emerging Parasitic Protists: The Case of Perkinsea |
title_short | Emerging Parasitic Protists: The Case of Perkinsea |
title_sort | emerging parasitic protists: the case of perkinsea |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8792838/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35095782 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.735815 |
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