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On the acceptance of “fake” histopathology: A study on frozen sections optimized with deep learning
BACKGROUND: The fast acquisition process of frozen sections allows surgeons to wait for histological findings during the interventions to base intrasurgical decisions on the outcome of the histology. Compared with paraffin sections, however, the quality of frozen sections is often strongly reduced,...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8794030/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35136673 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpi.jpi_53_21 |
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author | Siller, Mario Stangassinger, Lea Maria Kreutzer, Christina Boor, Peter Bulow, Roman D. Kraus, Theo J.F. von Stillfried, Saskia Wolfl, Soraya Couillard-Despres, Sebastien Oostingh, Gertie Janneke Hittmair, Anton Gadermayr, Michael |
author_facet | Siller, Mario Stangassinger, Lea Maria Kreutzer, Christina Boor, Peter Bulow, Roman D. Kraus, Theo J.F. von Stillfried, Saskia Wolfl, Soraya Couillard-Despres, Sebastien Oostingh, Gertie Janneke Hittmair, Anton Gadermayr, Michael |
author_sort | Siller, Mario |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The fast acquisition process of frozen sections allows surgeons to wait for histological findings during the interventions to base intrasurgical decisions on the outcome of the histology. Compared with paraffin sections, however, the quality of frozen sections is often strongly reduced, leading to a lower diagnostic accuracy. Deep neural networks are capable of modifying specific characteristics of digital histological images. Particularly, generative adversarial networks proved to be effective tools to learn about translation between two modalities, based on two unconnected data sets only. The positive effects of such deep learning-based image optimization on computer-aided diagnosis have already been shown. However, since fully automated diagnosis is controversial, the application of enhanced images for visual clinical assessment is currently probably of even higher relevance. METHODS: Three different deep learning-based generative adversarial networks were investigated. The methods were used to translate frozen sections into virtual paraffin sections. Overall, 40 frozen sections were processed. For training, 40 further paraffin sections were available. We investigated how pathologists assess the quality of the different image translation approaches and whether experts are able to distinguish between virtual and real digital pathology. RESULTS: Pathologists' detection accuracy of virtual paraffin sections (from pairs consisting of a frozen and a paraffin section) was between 0.62 and 0.97. Overall, in 59% of images, the virtual section was assessed as more appropriate for a diagnosis. In 53% of images, the deep learning approach was preferred to conventional stain normalization (SN). CONCLUSION: Overall, expert assessment indicated slightly improved visual properties of converted images and a high similarity to real paraffin sections. The observed high variability showed clear differences in personal preferences. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8794030 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87940302022-02-07 On the acceptance of “fake” histopathology: A study on frozen sections optimized with deep learning Siller, Mario Stangassinger, Lea Maria Kreutzer, Christina Boor, Peter Bulow, Roman D. Kraus, Theo J.F. von Stillfried, Saskia Wolfl, Soraya Couillard-Despres, Sebastien Oostingh, Gertie Janneke Hittmair, Anton Gadermayr, Michael J Pathol Inform Technical Note BACKGROUND: The fast acquisition process of frozen sections allows surgeons to wait for histological findings during the interventions to base intrasurgical decisions on the outcome of the histology. Compared with paraffin sections, however, the quality of frozen sections is often strongly reduced, leading to a lower diagnostic accuracy. Deep neural networks are capable of modifying specific characteristics of digital histological images. Particularly, generative adversarial networks proved to be effective tools to learn about translation between two modalities, based on two unconnected data sets only. The positive effects of such deep learning-based image optimization on computer-aided diagnosis have already been shown. However, since fully automated diagnosis is controversial, the application of enhanced images for visual clinical assessment is currently probably of even higher relevance. METHODS: Three different deep learning-based generative adversarial networks were investigated. The methods were used to translate frozen sections into virtual paraffin sections. Overall, 40 frozen sections were processed. For training, 40 further paraffin sections were available. We investigated how pathologists assess the quality of the different image translation approaches and whether experts are able to distinguish between virtual and real digital pathology. RESULTS: Pathologists' detection accuracy of virtual paraffin sections (from pairs consisting of a frozen and a paraffin section) was between 0.62 and 0.97. Overall, in 59% of images, the virtual section was assessed as more appropriate for a diagnosis. In 53% of images, the deep learning approach was preferred to conventional stain normalization (SN). CONCLUSION: Overall, expert assessment indicated slightly improved visual properties of converted images and a high similarity to real paraffin sections. The observed high variability showed clear differences in personal preferences. Elsevier 2022-12-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8794030/ /pubmed/35136673 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpi.jpi_53_21 Text en © 2022 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Association for Pathology Informatics. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Technical Note Siller, Mario Stangassinger, Lea Maria Kreutzer, Christina Boor, Peter Bulow, Roman D. Kraus, Theo J.F. von Stillfried, Saskia Wolfl, Soraya Couillard-Despres, Sebastien Oostingh, Gertie Janneke Hittmair, Anton Gadermayr, Michael On the acceptance of “fake” histopathology: A study on frozen sections optimized with deep learning |
title | On the acceptance of “fake” histopathology: A study on frozen sections optimized with deep learning |
title_full | On the acceptance of “fake” histopathology: A study on frozen sections optimized with deep learning |
title_fullStr | On the acceptance of “fake” histopathology: A study on frozen sections optimized with deep learning |
title_full_unstemmed | On the acceptance of “fake” histopathology: A study on frozen sections optimized with deep learning |
title_short | On the acceptance of “fake” histopathology: A study on frozen sections optimized with deep learning |
title_sort | on the acceptance of “fake” histopathology: a study on frozen sections optimized with deep learning |
topic | Technical Note |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8794030/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35136673 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpi.jpi_53_21 |
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