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Fatal Pneumonia Associated With a Novel Genotype of Human Coronavirus OC43
Since its first discovery in 1967, human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) has been associated with mild self-limiting upper respiratory infections worldwide. Fatal primary pneumonia due to HCoV-OC43 is not frequently described. This study describes a case of fatal primary pneumonia associated with HCoV-...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8795699/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35095806 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.795449 |
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author | Lau, Susanna Kar Pui Li, Kenneth Sze Ming Li, Xin Tsang, Ka-Yan Sridhar, Siddharth Woo, Patrick Chiu Yat |
author_facet | Lau, Susanna Kar Pui Li, Kenneth Sze Ming Li, Xin Tsang, Ka-Yan Sridhar, Siddharth Woo, Patrick Chiu Yat |
author_sort | Lau, Susanna Kar Pui |
collection | PubMed |
description | Since its first discovery in 1967, human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) has been associated with mild self-limiting upper respiratory infections worldwide. Fatal primary pneumonia due to HCoV-OC43 is not frequently described. This study describes a case of fatal primary pneumonia associated with HCoV-OC43 in a 75-year-old patient with good past health. The viral loads of the respiratory tract specimens (bronchoalveolar lavage and endotracheal aspirate) from diagnosis to death were persistently high (3.49 × 10(6)–1.10 × 10(10) copies/ml). HCoV-OC43 at a 6.46 × 10(3) copies/ml level was also detected from his pleural fluid 2 days before his death. Complete genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis showed that the present HCoV-OC43 forms a distinct cluster with three other HCoV-OC43 from United States, with a bootstrap value of 100% and sharing 99.9% nucleotide identities. Pairwise genetic distance between this cluster and other HCoV-OC43 genotypes ranged from 0.27 ± 0.02% to 1.25 ± 0.01%. In contrast, the lowest pairwise genetic distance between existing HCoV-OC43 genotypes was 0.26 ± 0.02%, suggesting that this cluster constitutes a novel HCoV-OC43 genotype, which we named genotype I. Unlike genotypes D, E, F, G, and H, no recombination event was observed for this novel genotype. Structural modeling revealed that the loop with the S1/S2 cleavage site was four amino acids longer than other HCoV-OC43, making it more exposed and accessible to protease, which may have resulted in its possible hypervirulence. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8795699 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87956992022-01-29 Fatal Pneumonia Associated With a Novel Genotype of Human Coronavirus OC43 Lau, Susanna Kar Pui Li, Kenneth Sze Ming Li, Xin Tsang, Ka-Yan Sridhar, Siddharth Woo, Patrick Chiu Yat Front Microbiol Microbiology Since its first discovery in 1967, human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) has been associated with mild self-limiting upper respiratory infections worldwide. Fatal primary pneumonia due to HCoV-OC43 is not frequently described. This study describes a case of fatal primary pneumonia associated with HCoV-OC43 in a 75-year-old patient with good past health. The viral loads of the respiratory tract specimens (bronchoalveolar lavage and endotracheal aspirate) from diagnosis to death were persistently high (3.49 × 10(6)–1.10 × 10(10) copies/ml). HCoV-OC43 at a 6.46 × 10(3) copies/ml level was also detected from his pleural fluid 2 days before his death. Complete genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis showed that the present HCoV-OC43 forms a distinct cluster with three other HCoV-OC43 from United States, with a bootstrap value of 100% and sharing 99.9% nucleotide identities. Pairwise genetic distance between this cluster and other HCoV-OC43 genotypes ranged from 0.27 ± 0.02% to 1.25 ± 0.01%. In contrast, the lowest pairwise genetic distance between existing HCoV-OC43 genotypes was 0.26 ± 0.02%, suggesting that this cluster constitutes a novel HCoV-OC43 genotype, which we named genotype I. Unlike genotypes D, E, F, G, and H, no recombination event was observed for this novel genotype. Structural modeling revealed that the loop with the S1/S2 cleavage site was four amino acids longer than other HCoV-OC43, making it more exposed and accessible to protease, which may have resulted in its possible hypervirulence. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-01-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8795699/ /pubmed/35095806 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.795449 Text en Copyright © 2022 Lau, Li, Li, Tsang, Sridhar and Woo. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Lau, Susanna Kar Pui Li, Kenneth Sze Ming Li, Xin Tsang, Ka-Yan Sridhar, Siddharth Woo, Patrick Chiu Yat Fatal Pneumonia Associated With a Novel Genotype of Human Coronavirus OC43 |
title | Fatal Pneumonia Associated With a Novel Genotype of Human Coronavirus OC43 |
title_full | Fatal Pneumonia Associated With a Novel Genotype of Human Coronavirus OC43 |
title_fullStr | Fatal Pneumonia Associated With a Novel Genotype of Human Coronavirus OC43 |
title_full_unstemmed | Fatal Pneumonia Associated With a Novel Genotype of Human Coronavirus OC43 |
title_short | Fatal Pneumonia Associated With a Novel Genotype of Human Coronavirus OC43 |
title_sort | fatal pneumonia associated with a novel genotype of human coronavirus oc43 |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8795699/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35095806 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.795449 |
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