Cargando…

Therapeutic Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: Value, Challenges and Optimization

Cellular therapy aims to replace damaged resident cells by restoring cellular and molecular environments suitable for tissue repair and regeneration. Among several candidates, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) represent a critical component of stromal niches known to be involved in tissue homeos...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Najar, Mehdi, Melki, Rahma, Khalife, Ferial, Lagneaux, Laurence, Bouhtit, Fatima, Moussa Agha, Douaa, Fahmi, Hassan, Lewalle, Philippe, Fayyad-Kazan, Mohammad, Merimi, Makram
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8795900/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35096805
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.716853
_version_ 1784641179001815040
author Najar, Mehdi
Melki, Rahma
Khalife, Ferial
Lagneaux, Laurence
Bouhtit, Fatima
Moussa Agha, Douaa
Fahmi, Hassan
Lewalle, Philippe
Fayyad-Kazan, Mohammad
Merimi, Makram
author_facet Najar, Mehdi
Melki, Rahma
Khalife, Ferial
Lagneaux, Laurence
Bouhtit, Fatima
Moussa Agha, Douaa
Fahmi, Hassan
Lewalle, Philippe
Fayyad-Kazan, Mohammad
Merimi, Makram
author_sort Najar, Mehdi
collection PubMed
description Cellular therapy aims to replace damaged resident cells by restoring cellular and molecular environments suitable for tissue repair and regeneration. Among several candidates, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) represent a critical component of stromal niches known to be involved in tissue homeostasis. In vitro, MSCs appear as fibroblast-like plastic adherent cells regardless of the tissue source. The therapeutic value of MSCs is being explored in several conditions, including immunological, inflammatory and degenerative diseases, as well as cancer. An improved understanding of their origin and function would facilitate their clinical use. The stemness of MSCs is still debated and requires further study. Several terms have been used to designate MSCs, although consensual nomenclature has yet to be determined. The presence of distinct markers may facilitate the identification and isolation of specific subpopulations of MSCs. Regarding their therapeutic properties, the mechanisms underlying their immune and trophic effects imply the secretion of various mediators rather than direct cellular contact. These mediators can be packaged in extracellular vesicles, thus paving the way to exploit therapeutic cell-free products derived from MSCs. Of importance, the function of MSCs and their secretome are significantly sensitive to their environment. Several features, such as culture conditions, delivery method, therapeutic dose and the immunobiology of MSCs, may influence their clinical outcomes. In this review, we will summarize recent findings related to MSC properties. We will also discuss the main preclinical and clinical challenges that may influence the therapeutic value of MSCs and discuss some optimization strategies.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8795900
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-87959002022-01-29 Therapeutic Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: Value, Challenges and Optimization Najar, Mehdi Melki, Rahma Khalife, Ferial Lagneaux, Laurence Bouhtit, Fatima Moussa Agha, Douaa Fahmi, Hassan Lewalle, Philippe Fayyad-Kazan, Mohammad Merimi, Makram Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology Cellular therapy aims to replace damaged resident cells by restoring cellular and molecular environments suitable for tissue repair and regeneration. Among several candidates, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) represent a critical component of stromal niches known to be involved in tissue homeostasis. In vitro, MSCs appear as fibroblast-like plastic adherent cells regardless of the tissue source. The therapeutic value of MSCs is being explored in several conditions, including immunological, inflammatory and degenerative diseases, as well as cancer. An improved understanding of their origin and function would facilitate their clinical use. The stemness of MSCs is still debated and requires further study. Several terms have been used to designate MSCs, although consensual nomenclature has yet to be determined. The presence of distinct markers may facilitate the identification and isolation of specific subpopulations of MSCs. Regarding their therapeutic properties, the mechanisms underlying their immune and trophic effects imply the secretion of various mediators rather than direct cellular contact. These mediators can be packaged in extracellular vesicles, thus paving the way to exploit therapeutic cell-free products derived from MSCs. Of importance, the function of MSCs and their secretome are significantly sensitive to their environment. Several features, such as culture conditions, delivery method, therapeutic dose and the immunobiology of MSCs, may influence their clinical outcomes. In this review, we will summarize recent findings related to MSC properties. We will also discuss the main preclinical and clinical challenges that may influence the therapeutic value of MSCs and discuss some optimization strategies. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-01-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8795900/ /pubmed/35096805 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.716853 Text en Copyright © 2022 Najar, Melki, Khalife, Lagneaux, Bouhtit, Moussa Agha, Fahmi, Lewalle, Fayyad-Kazan and Merimi. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cell and Developmental Biology
Najar, Mehdi
Melki, Rahma
Khalife, Ferial
Lagneaux, Laurence
Bouhtit, Fatima
Moussa Agha, Douaa
Fahmi, Hassan
Lewalle, Philippe
Fayyad-Kazan, Mohammad
Merimi, Makram
Therapeutic Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: Value, Challenges and Optimization
title Therapeutic Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: Value, Challenges and Optimization
title_full Therapeutic Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: Value, Challenges and Optimization
title_fullStr Therapeutic Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: Value, Challenges and Optimization
title_full_unstemmed Therapeutic Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: Value, Challenges and Optimization
title_short Therapeutic Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: Value, Challenges and Optimization
title_sort therapeutic mesenchymal stem/stromal cells: value, challenges and optimization
topic Cell and Developmental Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8795900/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35096805
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.716853
work_keys_str_mv AT najarmehdi therapeuticmesenchymalstemstromalcellsvaluechallengesandoptimization
AT melkirahma therapeuticmesenchymalstemstromalcellsvaluechallengesandoptimization
AT khalifeferial therapeuticmesenchymalstemstromalcellsvaluechallengesandoptimization
AT lagneauxlaurence therapeuticmesenchymalstemstromalcellsvaluechallengesandoptimization
AT bouhtitfatima therapeuticmesenchymalstemstromalcellsvaluechallengesandoptimization
AT moussaaghadouaa therapeuticmesenchymalstemstromalcellsvaluechallengesandoptimization
AT fahmihassan therapeuticmesenchymalstemstromalcellsvaluechallengesandoptimization
AT lewallephilippe therapeuticmesenchymalstemstromalcellsvaluechallengesandoptimization
AT fayyadkazanmohammad therapeuticmesenchymalstemstromalcellsvaluechallengesandoptimization
AT merimimakram therapeuticmesenchymalstemstromalcellsvaluechallengesandoptimization