Cargando…

Biodiversity influences the effects of oil disturbance on coastal ecosystems

Biodiversity can enhance the response of ecosystems to disturbance. However, whether diversity can reduce the ecological effect of human‐induced novel and extreme disturbances is unclear. In April 2010, the Deepwater Horizon (DwH) platform exploded, allowing an uncontrolled release of crude oil into...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Zerebecki, Robyn A., Heck, Kenneth L., Valentine, John F.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8796919/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35127038
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8532
_version_ 1784641424025714688
author Zerebecki, Robyn A.
Heck, Kenneth L.
Valentine, John F.
author_facet Zerebecki, Robyn A.
Heck, Kenneth L.
Valentine, John F.
author_sort Zerebecki, Robyn A.
collection PubMed
description Biodiversity can enhance the response of ecosystems to disturbance. However, whether diversity can reduce the ecological effect of human‐induced novel and extreme disturbances is unclear. In April 2010, the Deepwater Horizon (DwH) platform exploded, allowing an uncontrolled release of crude oil into the northern Gulf of Mexico. Initial surveys following the spill found that ecological impacts on coastal ecosystems varied greatly across habitat‐type and trophic group; however, to date, few studies have tested the influence of local biodiversity on these responses. We used a meta‐analytic approach to synthesize the results of 5 mesocosm studies that included 10 independent oil experiments and 5 independent oil + dispersant experiments. We tested whether biodiversity increased the resistance and/or resilience of coastal ecosystems to oil disturbance and whether a biodiversity effect depended on the type of diversity present (taxonomic or genetic) and/or the response type measured (population, community, or ecosystem level). We found that diversity can influence the effects of oiling, but the direction and magnitude of this diversity effect varied. Diversity reduced the negative impact of oiling for within‐trophic‐level responses and tended to be stronger for taxonomic than genetic diversity. Further, diversity effects were largely driven by the presence of highly resistant or quick to recover taxa and genotypes, consistent with the insurance hypothesis. However, we found no effect of diversity on the response to the combination of oil and dispersant exposure. We conclude that areas of low biodiversity may be particularly vulnerable to future oil disturbances and provide insight into the benefit of incorporating multiple measures of diversity in restoration projects and management decisions.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8796919
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher John Wiley and Sons Inc.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-87969192022-02-04 Biodiversity influences the effects of oil disturbance on coastal ecosystems Zerebecki, Robyn A. Heck, Kenneth L. Valentine, John F. Ecol Evol Research Articles Biodiversity can enhance the response of ecosystems to disturbance. However, whether diversity can reduce the ecological effect of human‐induced novel and extreme disturbances is unclear. In April 2010, the Deepwater Horizon (DwH) platform exploded, allowing an uncontrolled release of crude oil into the northern Gulf of Mexico. Initial surveys following the spill found that ecological impacts on coastal ecosystems varied greatly across habitat‐type and trophic group; however, to date, few studies have tested the influence of local biodiversity on these responses. We used a meta‐analytic approach to synthesize the results of 5 mesocosm studies that included 10 independent oil experiments and 5 independent oil + dispersant experiments. We tested whether biodiversity increased the resistance and/or resilience of coastal ecosystems to oil disturbance and whether a biodiversity effect depended on the type of diversity present (taxonomic or genetic) and/or the response type measured (population, community, or ecosystem level). We found that diversity can influence the effects of oiling, but the direction and magnitude of this diversity effect varied. Diversity reduced the negative impact of oiling for within‐trophic‐level responses and tended to be stronger for taxonomic than genetic diversity. Further, diversity effects were largely driven by the presence of highly resistant or quick to recover taxa and genotypes, consistent with the insurance hypothesis. However, we found no effect of diversity on the response to the combination of oil and dispersant exposure. We conclude that areas of low biodiversity may be particularly vulnerable to future oil disturbances and provide insight into the benefit of incorporating multiple measures of diversity in restoration projects and management decisions. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-01-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8796919/ /pubmed/35127038 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8532 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Articles
Zerebecki, Robyn A.
Heck, Kenneth L.
Valentine, John F.
Biodiversity influences the effects of oil disturbance on coastal ecosystems
title Biodiversity influences the effects of oil disturbance on coastal ecosystems
title_full Biodiversity influences the effects of oil disturbance on coastal ecosystems
title_fullStr Biodiversity influences the effects of oil disturbance on coastal ecosystems
title_full_unstemmed Biodiversity influences the effects of oil disturbance on coastal ecosystems
title_short Biodiversity influences the effects of oil disturbance on coastal ecosystems
title_sort biodiversity influences the effects of oil disturbance on coastal ecosystems
topic Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8796919/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35127038
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8532
work_keys_str_mv AT zerebeckirobyna biodiversityinfluencestheeffectsofoildisturbanceoncoastalecosystems
AT heckkennethl biodiversityinfluencestheeffectsofoildisturbanceoncoastalecosystems
AT valentinejohnf biodiversityinfluencestheeffectsofoildisturbanceoncoastalecosystems