Bacteremia caused by accidental injection of Bacillus licheniformis microbiota modulator through the central venous catheter: A case report

RATIONALE: Bacillus licheniformis (B licheniformis) is a commonly used microbiota modulator. However, infections are rarely observed in immunocompetent hosts. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 67-year-old woman who underwent esophagectomy experienced accidental injection of B licheniformis and presented with chills followed by hyperpyrexia. DIAGNOSIS: The initial diagnosis was B licheniformis bacteremia. INTERVENTION: Based on our experience, the patient first received levofloxacin and ornidazole. The application of levofloxacin was retained based on the antibiogram results. After discharge, the antibiotics were changed to vancomycin and levofloxacin, based on sensitivity tests, until two consecutive blood cultures were negative. OUTCOMES: The patient recovered without any severe complications. LESSONS: This is a rare report of the successful treatment of B licheniformis bacteremia caused by improper drug administration, which will provide a reference for the treatment of B licheniformis bacteremia.