Decitabine combined with CAG for the treatment of atypical chronic myeloid leukemia: a case report and literature review

Atypical chronic myeloid leukemia BCR/ABL1 negative (aCML) is a rare hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell disorder characterized by neutrophilia, high rate of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia and poor survival. Currently, there is no consensus on the treatment for aCML. In this study, we report the case of a 52-year-old female aCML patient treated with decitabine in combination with CAG chemotherapy who achieved complete remission after the first course. The patient was subsequently treated with three cycles of the same regimen as consolidation treatment. Approximately two months after the completion of the fourth cycle, the patient was in good general health with less than 0.01% minimal residual leukemic cells. The findings of this case report indicate that decitabine in combination with CAG chemotherapy may be an effective treatment for aCML.