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Gout and the risk of COVID-19 diagnosis and death in the UK Biobank: a population-based study
BACKGROUND: There is a paucity of data on outcomes for people with gout and COVID-19. We aimed to assess whether gout is a risk factor for diagnosis of COVID-19 and COVID-19-related death, and to test for sex- and drug-specific differences in risk. METHODS: We used data from the UK Biobank, which in...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier Ltd.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8798088/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35128470 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2665-9913(21)00401-X |
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author | Topless, Ruth K Gaffo, Angelo Stamp, Lisa K Robinson, Philip C Dalbeth, Nicola Merriman, Tony R |
author_facet | Topless, Ruth K Gaffo, Angelo Stamp, Lisa K Robinson, Philip C Dalbeth, Nicola Merriman, Tony R |
author_sort | Topless, Ruth K |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: There is a paucity of data on outcomes for people with gout and COVID-19. We aimed to assess whether gout is a risk factor for diagnosis of COVID-19 and COVID-19-related death, and to test for sex- and drug-specific differences in risk. METHODS: We used data from the UK Biobank, which included 15 871 people with gout. We used multivariable-adjusted logistic regression in the following analyses using a case-control study design: to test for an association between gout and COVID-19 diagnosis in the entire UK Biobank cohort (n=459 837); to test for an association between gout and COVID-19-related death in people who were known to have died or survived with COVID-19 (n=15 772); to test for an association between gout and COVID-19-related death in the entire UK Biobank cohort (n=459 837); and to assess risk of COVID-19-related death in a subset of patients from the UK Biobank cohort with prescription data, stratified by prescription of urate-lowering therapy and colchicine (n=341 398). Models 1 and 2 were adjusted for age group, sex, ethnicity, Townsend deprivation index, BMI, and smoking status. Model 2 was also adjusted for diagnosis of 16 other diseases that are established comorbidities of gout or established risk factors for COVID-19-related death. FINDINGS: Gout was associated with diagnosis of COVID-19 (odds ratio [OR] 1·20, 95% CI 1·11–1·29) but not with risk of COVID-19-related death in the cohort of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 (1·20, 0·96–1·51). In the entire cohort, gout was associated with COVID-19-related death (1·29, 1·06–1·56); women with gout had an increased risk of COVID-19-related death (1·98, 1·34–2·94), whereas men with gout did not (1·16, 0·93–1·45). We found no significant differences in the risk of COVID-19-related death according to prescription of urate-lowering therapy or colchicine. When patients with gout were stratified by vaccination status, the risk of diagnosis with COVID-19 was significant in the non-vaccinated group (1·21, 1·11–1·30) but not the vaccinated group (1·09, 0·65–1·85). INTERPRETATION: Gout is a risk factor for COVID-19-related death in the UK Biobank cohort, with an increased risk in women with gout, which was driven by risk factors independent of the metabolic comorbidities of gout. FUNDING: Health Research Council of New Zealand. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8798088 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Elsevier Ltd. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87980882022-01-31 Gout and the risk of COVID-19 diagnosis and death in the UK Biobank: a population-based study Topless, Ruth K Gaffo, Angelo Stamp, Lisa K Robinson, Philip C Dalbeth, Nicola Merriman, Tony R Lancet Rheumatol Articles BACKGROUND: There is a paucity of data on outcomes for people with gout and COVID-19. We aimed to assess whether gout is a risk factor for diagnosis of COVID-19 and COVID-19-related death, and to test for sex- and drug-specific differences in risk. METHODS: We used data from the UK Biobank, which included 15 871 people with gout. We used multivariable-adjusted logistic regression in the following analyses using a case-control study design: to test for an association between gout and COVID-19 diagnosis in the entire UK Biobank cohort (n=459 837); to test for an association between gout and COVID-19-related death in people who were known to have died or survived with COVID-19 (n=15 772); to test for an association between gout and COVID-19-related death in the entire UK Biobank cohort (n=459 837); and to assess risk of COVID-19-related death in a subset of patients from the UK Biobank cohort with prescription data, stratified by prescription of urate-lowering therapy and colchicine (n=341 398). Models 1 and 2 were adjusted for age group, sex, ethnicity, Townsend deprivation index, BMI, and smoking status. Model 2 was also adjusted for diagnosis of 16 other diseases that are established comorbidities of gout or established risk factors for COVID-19-related death. FINDINGS: Gout was associated with diagnosis of COVID-19 (odds ratio [OR] 1·20, 95% CI 1·11–1·29) but not with risk of COVID-19-related death in the cohort of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 (1·20, 0·96–1·51). In the entire cohort, gout was associated with COVID-19-related death (1·29, 1·06–1·56); women with gout had an increased risk of COVID-19-related death (1·98, 1·34–2·94), whereas men with gout did not (1·16, 0·93–1·45). We found no significant differences in the risk of COVID-19-related death according to prescription of urate-lowering therapy or colchicine. When patients with gout were stratified by vaccination status, the risk of diagnosis with COVID-19 was significant in the non-vaccinated group (1·21, 1·11–1·30) but not the vaccinated group (1·09, 0·65–1·85). INTERPRETATION: Gout is a risk factor for COVID-19-related death in the UK Biobank cohort, with an increased risk in women with gout, which was driven by risk factors independent of the metabolic comorbidities of gout. FUNDING: Health Research Council of New Zealand. Elsevier Ltd. 2022-04 2022-01-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8798088/ /pubmed/35128470 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2665-9913(21)00401-X Text en © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. |
spellingShingle | Articles Topless, Ruth K Gaffo, Angelo Stamp, Lisa K Robinson, Philip C Dalbeth, Nicola Merriman, Tony R Gout and the risk of COVID-19 diagnosis and death in the UK Biobank: a population-based study |
title | Gout and the risk of COVID-19 diagnosis and death in the UK Biobank: a population-based study |
title_full | Gout and the risk of COVID-19 diagnosis and death in the UK Biobank: a population-based study |
title_fullStr | Gout and the risk of COVID-19 diagnosis and death in the UK Biobank: a population-based study |
title_full_unstemmed | Gout and the risk of COVID-19 diagnosis and death in the UK Biobank: a population-based study |
title_short | Gout and the risk of COVID-19 diagnosis and death in the UK Biobank: a population-based study |
title_sort | gout and the risk of covid-19 diagnosis and death in the uk biobank: a population-based study |
topic | Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8798088/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35128470 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2665-9913(21)00401-X |
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