Clinical pathological analysis of newly diagnosed malignant pelvic tumors during pregnancy

BACKGROUND: This study sought to investigate the pathological and clinical characteristics of newly developed malignant pelvic tumors during pregnancy. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 20 patients with newly developed malignant pelvic tumors during pregnancy who were admitted to hospital from January 1, 2012 to March 31, 2020. The patients were grouped according to the histological tumor source, evaluated using a chi-square test and Kaplan-Meier analysis, and their clinical and pathological characteristics were examined. RESULTS: Of the 20 patients, 14 had primary tumors and 6 had metastatic tumors. The average age of the patients in the metastatic tumor group was higher than that of patients in the primary tumor group (P=0.038). Notably, patients in both groups were at an advanced tumor stage when they were diagnosed. A significant difference between the 2 groups (P<0.001) was found in the clinical presents and the outcomes. The survival rates of the 2 groups differed significantly (P<0.001). Patients in the primary tumor group all survived without tumors. Conversely, only 1 patient in the metastatic tumor group survived without a tumor during the follow-up period, and 5 patients in this group did not survive. The metastatic rates of the examined placentas were 1/6 and 3/5 for the primary and metastatic tumor groups, respectively (P=0.545). The histological distribution of the newly developed malignant pelvic tumors during pregnancy was diverse, and different to those in the non-pregnancy period. Additionally, 6 patients had metastatic tumors, and the proportion of metastatic tumors was significantly higher than that of non-pregnancy patients (P<0.001; 3.53% vs. 30%). Of the 8 patients with primary ovarian tumors, 5 had borderline tumors (62.5%), and the proportion of borderline tumors was significantly higher than that of non-pregnant patients (9.61% vs. 5/8) in the same period. CONCLUSIONS: Newly diagnosed malignant pelvic tumors during pregnancy were different from the non-pregnant in the tissue origin, pathological grade, clinical presenting, and outcomes. The metastatic tumors pose a serious threat to the lives and health of pregnant women