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Ecballium elaterium attenuates neuroinflammation in an animal model of Alzheimer’s disease through modulation of nuclear factor κB pathway

OBJECTIVE: Sustained inflammation, which could be promoted by Aβ aggregation and tau hyperphosphorylation, is a critical player in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. In the first phase, this study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties of Ecballium elaterium (EE), as a Med...

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Autores principales: Heysieattalab, Soomaayeh, Sadeghi, Leila
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Mashhad University of Medical Sciences 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8801219/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35145898
http://dx.doi.org/10.22038/AJP.2021.18881
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author Heysieattalab, Soomaayeh
Sadeghi, Leila
author_facet Heysieattalab, Soomaayeh
Sadeghi, Leila
author_sort Heysieattalab, Soomaayeh
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: Sustained inflammation, which could be promoted by Aβ aggregation and tau hyperphosphorylation, is a critical player in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. In the first phase, this study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties of Ecballium elaterium (EE), as a Mediterranean therapeutic plant, and its effects on biochemical and behavioral signs of nucleus basalis of Meynert lesioned (NBML) rats, as an approved model of AD. In the second phase, we investigated the effect of EE on nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway which is responsible for encoding proteins involved in the inflammatory cascade. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Animals were divided randomly into four groups as following: control, NBML rats (AD), AD rats that were treated by high- and low-dose EE. Prostaglandins (PGs) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) levels were assessed by fluorometric kit and Elman method, respectively. Behavioral signs were evaluated by Morris Water Maze (MWM) test and inflammatory proteins content was analyzed by immunoblotting method. RESULTS: According to the results, treatment of NBML rats with EE fruit juice reduced PGs and cytokines more than 2-fold in comparison with AD rats through inhibition of COX-2 enzyme. Attenuation of inflammatory response in NBML rats was accompanied by reduced AChE activity (about 3-fold) and improved learning ability. Interestingly, EE reduced NF-κB expression for about 3-fold which resulted in a more than 10-fold increase in IκBα/P-IκBα ratio. CONCLUSION: Our results confirmed the TNF-α/cytokines/NF-κB/COX-2 pathway involves as the main inflammatory response in NBML rats. We also provided biochemical and behavioral evidence which introduces EE as an anti-inflammatory adjuvant to improve pathophysiological signs in patients suffering from AD and related dementia.
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spelling pubmed-88012192022-02-09 Ecballium elaterium attenuates neuroinflammation in an animal model of Alzheimer’s disease through modulation of nuclear factor κB pathway Heysieattalab, Soomaayeh Sadeghi, Leila Avicenna J Phytomed Original Research Article OBJECTIVE: Sustained inflammation, which could be promoted by Aβ aggregation and tau hyperphosphorylation, is a critical player in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. In the first phase, this study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties of Ecballium elaterium (EE), as a Mediterranean therapeutic plant, and its effects on biochemical and behavioral signs of nucleus basalis of Meynert lesioned (NBML) rats, as an approved model of AD. In the second phase, we investigated the effect of EE on nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway which is responsible for encoding proteins involved in the inflammatory cascade. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Animals were divided randomly into four groups as following: control, NBML rats (AD), AD rats that were treated by high- and low-dose EE. Prostaglandins (PGs) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) levels were assessed by fluorometric kit and Elman method, respectively. Behavioral signs were evaluated by Morris Water Maze (MWM) test and inflammatory proteins content was analyzed by immunoblotting method. RESULTS: According to the results, treatment of NBML rats with EE fruit juice reduced PGs and cytokines more than 2-fold in comparison with AD rats through inhibition of COX-2 enzyme. Attenuation of inflammatory response in NBML rats was accompanied by reduced AChE activity (about 3-fold) and improved learning ability. Interestingly, EE reduced NF-κB expression for about 3-fold which resulted in a more than 10-fold increase in IκBα/P-IκBα ratio. CONCLUSION: Our results confirmed the TNF-α/cytokines/NF-κB/COX-2 pathway involves as the main inflammatory response in NBML rats. We also provided biochemical and behavioral evidence which introduces EE as an anti-inflammatory adjuvant to improve pathophysiological signs in patients suffering from AD and related dementia. Mashhad University of Medical Sciences 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC8801219/ /pubmed/35145898 http://dx.doi.org/10.22038/AJP.2021.18881 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) ) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research Article
Heysieattalab, Soomaayeh
Sadeghi, Leila
Ecballium elaterium attenuates neuroinflammation in an animal model of Alzheimer’s disease through modulation of nuclear factor κB pathway
title Ecballium elaterium attenuates neuroinflammation in an animal model of Alzheimer’s disease through modulation of nuclear factor κB pathway
title_full Ecballium elaterium attenuates neuroinflammation in an animal model of Alzheimer’s disease through modulation of nuclear factor κB pathway
title_fullStr Ecballium elaterium attenuates neuroinflammation in an animal model of Alzheimer’s disease through modulation of nuclear factor κB pathway
title_full_unstemmed Ecballium elaterium attenuates neuroinflammation in an animal model of Alzheimer’s disease through modulation of nuclear factor κB pathway
title_short Ecballium elaterium attenuates neuroinflammation in an animal model of Alzheimer’s disease through modulation of nuclear factor κB pathway
title_sort ecballium elaterium attenuates neuroinflammation in an animal model of alzheimer’s disease through modulation of nuclear factor κb pathway
topic Original Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8801219/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35145898
http://dx.doi.org/10.22038/AJP.2021.18881
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