Comparison between the triamcinolone and bevacizumab subconjunctivals and changes in Interleukin-1 mRNA expression in pterygium

OBJECTIVES: Pterygium is a fibrovascular external ocular mass that grows from the conjunctiva into the cornea. The effect of subconjunctival injection of triamcinolone and bevacizumab has been inadequately investigated worldwide. This study aims to analyse the expression of IL-1 after the injection of triamcinolone and bevacizumab subconjunctiva. METHODS: All patients are randomized into three groups: the triamcinolone, bevacizumab group, and placebo groups, with 5 patients in each in group. All subjects are injected subconjunctivally one week before surgery, and then surgery is performed with the autograft technique. The main outcome measures include changes in the IL-1 mRNA expression between the triamcinolone, bevacizumab, and placebo groups. RESULTS: All samples are completed after one month of follow-up. The changes in blood levels of mRNA IL-1 expression are as follows: 4.81 ± 0.52 in the bevacizumab group, 3.40 ± 2.63 in the triamcinolone group, and 1.08 ± 1.48 in the placebo group (p = 0.04). In the comparison between groups, there is a significant effect between the bevacizumab and placebo groups, 3.73 ± 1.12 (p = 0.00), with no significant effect in the triamcinolone group, 1.40 ± 1.12 (p = 0.06). CONCLUSION: The subconjunctival injection of bevacizumab and triamcinolone before surgery is effective in suppressing inflammation in pterygium.