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Competition between the tadpoles of Japanese toads versus frogs

Competition within and among species can play a key role in structuring the assemblages of anuran tadpoles. Previous studies have reported that tadpoles of the invasive cane toad (Rhinella marina) are more strongly disadvantaged by the presence of native frog tadpoles than by the same number of cons...

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Autores principales: Haramura, Takashi, Eto, Koshiro, Crossland, Michael R., Nishikawa, Kanto, Shine, Richard
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8803840/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35102170
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05525-z
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author Haramura, Takashi
Eto, Koshiro
Crossland, Michael R.
Nishikawa, Kanto
Shine, Richard
author_facet Haramura, Takashi
Eto, Koshiro
Crossland, Michael R.
Nishikawa, Kanto
Shine, Richard
author_sort Haramura, Takashi
collection PubMed
description Competition within and among species can play a key role in structuring the assemblages of anuran tadpoles. Previous studies have reported that tadpoles of the invasive cane toad (Rhinella marina) are more strongly disadvantaged by the presence of native frog tadpoles than by the same number of conspecific toad tadpoles. That effect might arise from a lack of coevolution of the invasive toad with its competitors; and/or from a generalized superiority of frog tadpoles over toad tadpoles. To clarify those possibilities, we conducted experimental trials using the larvae of a native rather than invasive toad (Bufo japonicus formosus in Japan) exposed to larvae of native anurans (the sympatric frogs Rana japonica and Rana ornativentris and the parapatric toad Bufo japonicus japonicus). In intraspecific competition trials, higher densities of B. j. formosus prolonged the larval period and reduced size at metamorphosis, but did not affect survival. In interspecific competition trials, the effects of the other anuran species on B. j. formosus were similar to the effects of the same number of conspecific larvae. This similarity in impact of interspecific versus intraspecific competition argues against any overall competitive superiority of frog larvae over toad larvae. Instead, the vulnerability of larval cane toads to frog tadpoles may result from a lack of coevolutionary history.
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spelling pubmed-88038402022-02-01 Competition between the tadpoles of Japanese toads versus frogs Haramura, Takashi Eto, Koshiro Crossland, Michael R. Nishikawa, Kanto Shine, Richard Sci Rep Article Competition within and among species can play a key role in structuring the assemblages of anuran tadpoles. Previous studies have reported that tadpoles of the invasive cane toad (Rhinella marina) are more strongly disadvantaged by the presence of native frog tadpoles than by the same number of conspecific toad tadpoles. That effect might arise from a lack of coevolution of the invasive toad with its competitors; and/or from a generalized superiority of frog tadpoles over toad tadpoles. To clarify those possibilities, we conducted experimental trials using the larvae of a native rather than invasive toad (Bufo japonicus formosus in Japan) exposed to larvae of native anurans (the sympatric frogs Rana japonica and Rana ornativentris and the parapatric toad Bufo japonicus japonicus). In intraspecific competition trials, higher densities of B. j. formosus prolonged the larval period and reduced size at metamorphosis, but did not affect survival. In interspecific competition trials, the effects of the other anuran species on B. j. formosus were similar to the effects of the same number of conspecific larvae. This similarity in impact of interspecific versus intraspecific competition argues against any overall competitive superiority of frog larvae over toad larvae. Instead, the vulnerability of larval cane toads to frog tadpoles may result from a lack of coevolutionary history. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-01-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8803840/ /pubmed/35102170 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05525-z Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Haramura, Takashi
Eto, Koshiro
Crossland, Michael R.
Nishikawa, Kanto
Shine, Richard
Competition between the tadpoles of Japanese toads versus frogs
title Competition between the tadpoles of Japanese toads versus frogs
title_full Competition between the tadpoles of Japanese toads versus frogs
title_fullStr Competition between the tadpoles of Japanese toads versus frogs
title_full_unstemmed Competition between the tadpoles of Japanese toads versus frogs
title_short Competition between the tadpoles of Japanese toads versus frogs
title_sort competition between the tadpoles of japanese toads versus frogs
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8803840/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35102170
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05525-z
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