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Associations between diet quality and obesity in a nationally representative sample of Iranian households: A cross‐sectional study

OBJECTIVE: Research examining associations between diet quality and obesity in Iranian adults is limited by small and non‐representative samples. This study examined associations between two diet quality indices and obesity risk in a nationally representative sample of Iranian adults and interaction...

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Autores principales: Ebrahimi, Sara, Leech, Rebecca M., McNaughton, Sarah A., Abdollahi, Morteza, Houshiarrad, Anahita, Livingstone, Katherine M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8804934/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35127119
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/osp4.536
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author Ebrahimi, Sara
Leech, Rebecca M.
McNaughton, Sarah A.
Abdollahi, Morteza
Houshiarrad, Anahita
Livingstone, Katherine M.
author_facet Ebrahimi, Sara
Leech, Rebecca M.
McNaughton, Sarah A.
Abdollahi, Morteza
Houshiarrad, Anahita
Livingstone, Katherine M.
author_sort Ebrahimi, Sara
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: Research examining associations between diet quality and obesity in Iranian adults is limited by small and non‐representative samples. This study examined associations between two diet quality indices and obesity risk in a nationally representative sample of Iranian adults and interactions by sex and area of residence. METHODS: Data on 18,307 adults (mean age 37 [SD 15.2] years) were used from the Iranian National Survey 2001–2003. Two diet quality indices (Healthy Eating Index 2015, HEI‐2015, and Diet Quality Index International, DQI‐I) were calculated from household 24‐h dietary recalls. Multi‐level regression analyses were used to examine the association between household diet quality and individual‐level obesity risk, with interaction terms for sex and area of residence. RESULTS: Higher household HEI‐2015 and DQI‐I were associated with higher risk of obesity (HEI‐2015: relative risk ratio: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.05; DQI‐I: relative risk ratio: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.02), with stronger effect sizes in adults living in rural areas. CONCLUSIONS: Higher diet quality (HEI‐2015 and DQI‐I) was associated with higher obesity risk, which was stronger in adults living in rural areas. Due to the complexity of examining these associations in a Middle Eastern country undergoing a nutrition transition, longitudinal research is needed to confirm these findings.
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spelling pubmed-88049342022-02-04 Associations between diet quality and obesity in a nationally representative sample of Iranian households: A cross‐sectional study Ebrahimi, Sara Leech, Rebecca M. McNaughton, Sarah A. Abdollahi, Morteza Houshiarrad, Anahita Livingstone, Katherine M. Obes Sci Pract Original Articles OBJECTIVE: Research examining associations between diet quality and obesity in Iranian adults is limited by small and non‐representative samples. This study examined associations between two diet quality indices and obesity risk in a nationally representative sample of Iranian adults and interactions by sex and area of residence. METHODS: Data on 18,307 adults (mean age 37 [SD 15.2] years) were used from the Iranian National Survey 2001–2003. Two diet quality indices (Healthy Eating Index 2015, HEI‐2015, and Diet Quality Index International, DQI‐I) were calculated from household 24‐h dietary recalls. Multi‐level regression analyses were used to examine the association between household diet quality and individual‐level obesity risk, with interaction terms for sex and area of residence. RESULTS: Higher household HEI‐2015 and DQI‐I were associated with higher risk of obesity (HEI‐2015: relative risk ratio: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.05; DQI‐I: relative risk ratio: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.02), with stronger effect sizes in adults living in rural areas. CONCLUSIONS: Higher diet quality (HEI‐2015 and DQI‐I) was associated with higher obesity risk, which was stronger in adults living in rural areas. Due to the complexity of examining these associations in a Middle Eastern country undergoing a nutrition transition, longitudinal research is needed to confirm these findings. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2021-08-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8804934/ /pubmed/35127119 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/osp4.536 Text en © 2021 The Authors. Obesity Science & Practice published by World Obesity and The Obesity Society and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
spellingShingle Original Articles
Ebrahimi, Sara
Leech, Rebecca M.
McNaughton, Sarah A.
Abdollahi, Morteza
Houshiarrad, Anahita
Livingstone, Katherine M.
Associations between diet quality and obesity in a nationally representative sample of Iranian households: A cross‐sectional study
title Associations between diet quality and obesity in a nationally representative sample of Iranian households: A cross‐sectional study
title_full Associations between diet quality and obesity in a nationally representative sample of Iranian households: A cross‐sectional study
title_fullStr Associations between diet quality and obesity in a nationally representative sample of Iranian households: A cross‐sectional study
title_full_unstemmed Associations between diet quality and obesity in a nationally representative sample of Iranian households: A cross‐sectional study
title_short Associations between diet quality and obesity in a nationally representative sample of Iranian households: A cross‐sectional study
title_sort associations between diet quality and obesity in a nationally representative sample of iranian households: a cross‐sectional study
topic Original Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8804934/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35127119
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/osp4.536
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