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Identification and immunoprofiling of key prognostic genes in the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma

Tumor microenvironment (TME) is involved in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and immune cells in the TME have been implicated in its progression and treatment. However, the association of genes involved in the TME with HCC prognosis remains unclear. Thus, in this stu...

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Autores principales: Wang, Tianbing, Chen, Bang, Meng, Tao, Liu, Zhiqiang, Wu, Wenyong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Taylor & Francis 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8806269/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33955820
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21655979.2021.1918538
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author Wang, Tianbing
Chen, Bang
Meng, Tao
Liu, Zhiqiang
Wu, Wenyong
author_facet Wang, Tianbing
Chen, Bang
Meng, Tao
Liu, Zhiqiang
Wu, Wenyong
author_sort Wang, Tianbing
collection PubMed
description Tumor microenvironment (TME) is involved in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and immune cells in the TME have been implicated in its progression and treatment. However, the association of genes involved in the TME with HCC prognosis remains unclear. Thus, in this study, we obtained transcriptomic and clinicopathological data of patients with HCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas to identify key genes in TME associated with HCC prognosis. Stromal and immune cell scores were calculated using the ESTIMATE method, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined. We identified 830 DEGs, which were further subjected to survival analyses and functional enrichment analysis. Next, we identified prognostic TME-associated DEGs, established a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and performed Cox analysis.Consequently, four key prognostic genes (CXCL5, CXCL8, IL18RAP, and TREM2) associated with TME, were identified, in which CXCL5 and IL18RAP may be potential independent prognostic factors. Age, clinical stage, N stage, and risk score were also determined as significant prognostic variables. CIBERSORT was used to predict the constitution and relative content of the immune cells, wherein M0 macrophages were the most closely related to the key genes. In conclusion, CXCL5, CXCL8, IL18RAP, and TREM2 were associated with HCC prognosis and were important for immune cell invasion into the TME. Additionally, IL18RAP expression may contribute toward favorable prognosis in patients with HCC. Consequently, these genes may serve as potential biomarkers and immunotherapeutic targets for HCC.
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spelling pubmed-88062692022-02-02 Identification and immunoprofiling of key prognostic genes in the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma Wang, Tianbing Chen, Bang Meng, Tao Liu, Zhiqiang Wu, Wenyong Bioengineered Research Paper Tumor microenvironment (TME) is involved in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and immune cells in the TME have been implicated in its progression and treatment. However, the association of genes involved in the TME with HCC prognosis remains unclear. Thus, in this study, we obtained transcriptomic and clinicopathological data of patients with HCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas to identify key genes in TME associated with HCC prognosis. Stromal and immune cell scores were calculated using the ESTIMATE method, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined. We identified 830 DEGs, which were further subjected to survival analyses and functional enrichment analysis. Next, we identified prognostic TME-associated DEGs, established a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and performed Cox analysis.Consequently, four key prognostic genes (CXCL5, CXCL8, IL18RAP, and TREM2) associated with TME, were identified, in which CXCL5 and IL18RAP may be potential independent prognostic factors. Age, clinical stage, N stage, and risk score were also determined as significant prognostic variables. CIBERSORT was used to predict the constitution and relative content of the immune cells, wherein M0 macrophages were the most closely related to the key genes. In conclusion, CXCL5, CXCL8, IL18RAP, and TREM2 were associated with HCC prognosis and were important for immune cell invasion into the TME. Additionally, IL18RAP expression may contribute toward favorable prognosis in patients with HCC. Consequently, these genes may serve as potential biomarkers and immunotherapeutic targets for HCC. Taylor & Francis 2021-05-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8806269/ /pubmed/33955820 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21655979.2021.1918538 Text en © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Paper
Wang, Tianbing
Chen, Bang
Meng, Tao
Liu, Zhiqiang
Wu, Wenyong
Identification and immunoprofiling of key prognostic genes in the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma
title Identification and immunoprofiling of key prognostic genes in the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma
title_full Identification and immunoprofiling of key prognostic genes in the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma
title_fullStr Identification and immunoprofiling of key prognostic genes in the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma
title_full_unstemmed Identification and immunoprofiling of key prognostic genes in the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma
title_short Identification and immunoprofiling of key prognostic genes in the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma
title_sort identification and immunoprofiling of key prognostic genes in the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma
topic Research Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8806269/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33955820
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21655979.2021.1918538
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