Bioinformatics-based analysis of the association between the A1-chimaerin (CHN1) gene and gastric cancer

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide and the identification of additional therapeutic targets and biomarkers has become vital. The A1-chimaerin (CHN1) gene encodes a ras-related protein that can be activated or inactivated by binding to GTP or GDP. The present study aimed to assess the expression of CHN1 in GC tissue and cells, to explore its relationship with GC progression, and to discover the potential mechanisms underlying these associations. The ONCOMINE database and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were used to determine the transcriptional levels of CHN1 in GC. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used for detecting protein expression. Correlations between CHN1 levels and the clinical outcomes of GC patients were examined using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses. Moreover, the CIBERSORT algorithm was used to estimate immune cell infiltration. In GC patients, CHN1 transcription and CHN1 protein expression were upregulated, and a high expression of CHN1 was remarkably linked to poor survival in GC patients. CHN1 expression was associated with immune infiltrates and this gene showed potential involvement in multiple cancer-related pathways. Furthermore, the expression of CHN1 was correlated with the immunotherapeutic response. Finally, our results indicated that the pro-carcinogenic role of CHN1 may involve DNA methylation. To our knowledge, this is the first report characterizing CHN1 expression in GC. Our results show that high CHN1 levels could be used as a clinical biomarker for poor prognosis and that CHN1 inhibitors may have potential as anti-cancer drugs.