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A Compound Heterozygous Mutation in Calpain 1 Identifies a New Genetic Cause for Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 4 (SMA4)

Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a heterogeneous group of neuromuscular diseases characterized by degeneration of anterior horn cells of the spinal cord, leading to muscular atrophy and weakness. Although the major cause of SMA is autosomal recessive exon deletions or loss-of-function mutations of s...

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Autores principales: Perez-Siles, G., Ellis, M., Ashe, A., Grosz, B., Vucic, S., Kiernan, M. C., Morris, K. A., Reddel, S. W., Kennerson, M. L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8807693/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35126465
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.801253
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author Perez-Siles, G.
Ellis, M.
Ashe, A.
Grosz, B.
Vucic, S.
Kiernan, M. C.
Morris, K. A.
Reddel, S. W.
Kennerson, M. L.
author_facet Perez-Siles, G.
Ellis, M.
Ashe, A.
Grosz, B.
Vucic, S.
Kiernan, M. C.
Morris, K. A.
Reddel, S. W.
Kennerson, M. L.
author_sort Perez-Siles, G.
collection PubMed
description Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a heterogeneous group of neuromuscular diseases characterized by degeneration of anterior horn cells of the spinal cord, leading to muscular atrophy and weakness. Although the major cause of SMA is autosomal recessive exon deletions or loss-of-function mutations of survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene, next generation sequencing technologies are increasing the genetic heterogeneity of SMA. SMA type 4 (SMA4) is an adult onset, less severe form of SMA for which genetic and pathogenic causes remain elusive.Whole exome sequencing in a 30-year-old brother and sister with SMA4 identified a compound heterozygous mutation (p. G492R/p. F610C) in calpain-1 (CAPN1). Mutations in CAPN1 have been previously associated with cerebellar ataxia and hereditary spastic paraplegia. Using skin fibroblasts from a patient bearing the p. G492R/p. F610C mutation, we demonstrate reduced levels of CAPN1 protein and protease activity. Functional characterization of the SMA4 fibroblasts revealed no changes in SMN protein levels and subcellular distribution. Additional cellular pathways associated with SMA remain unaffected in the patient fibroblasts, highlighting the tissue specificity of CAPN1 dysfunction in SMA4 pathophysiology. This study provides genetic and functional evidence of CAPN1 as a novel gene for the SMA4 phenotype and expands the phenotype of CAPN1 mutation disorders.
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spelling pubmed-88076932022-02-03 A Compound Heterozygous Mutation in Calpain 1 Identifies a New Genetic Cause for Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 4 (SMA4) Perez-Siles, G. Ellis, M. Ashe, A. Grosz, B. Vucic, S. Kiernan, M. C. Morris, K. A. Reddel, S. W. Kennerson, M. L. Front Genet Genetics Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a heterogeneous group of neuromuscular diseases characterized by degeneration of anterior horn cells of the spinal cord, leading to muscular atrophy and weakness. Although the major cause of SMA is autosomal recessive exon deletions or loss-of-function mutations of survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene, next generation sequencing technologies are increasing the genetic heterogeneity of SMA. SMA type 4 (SMA4) is an adult onset, less severe form of SMA for which genetic and pathogenic causes remain elusive.Whole exome sequencing in a 30-year-old brother and sister with SMA4 identified a compound heterozygous mutation (p. G492R/p. F610C) in calpain-1 (CAPN1). Mutations in CAPN1 have been previously associated with cerebellar ataxia and hereditary spastic paraplegia. Using skin fibroblasts from a patient bearing the p. G492R/p. F610C mutation, we demonstrate reduced levels of CAPN1 protein and protease activity. Functional characterization of the SMA4 fibroblasts revealed no changes in SMN protein levels and subcellular distribution. Additional cellular pathways associated with SMA remain unaffected in the patient fibroblasts, highlighting the tissue specificity of CAPN1 dysfunction in SMA4 pathophysiology. This study provides genetic and functional evidence of CAPN1 as a novel gene for the SMA4 phenotype and expands the phenotype of CAPN1 mutation disorders. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-01-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8807693/ /pubmed/35126465 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.801253 Text en Copyright © 2022 Perez-Siles, Ellis, Ashe, Grosz, Vucic, Kiernan, Morris, Reddel and Kennerson. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Genetics
Perez-Siles, G.
Ellis, M.
Ashe, A.
Grosz, B.
Vucic, S.
Kiernan, M. C.
Morris, K. A.
Reddel, S. W.
Kennerson, M. L.
A Compound Heterozygous Mutation in Calpain 1 Identifies a New Genetic Cause for Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 4 (SMA4)
title A Compound Heterozygous Mutation in Calpain 1 Identifies a New Genetic Cause for Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 4 (SMA4)
title_full A Compound Heterozygous Mutation in Calpain 1 Identifies a New Genetic Cause for Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 4 (SMA4)
title_fullStr A Compound Heterozygous Mutation in Calpain 1 Identifies a New Genetic Cause for Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 4 (SMA4)
title_full_unstemmed A Compound Heterozygous Mutation in Calpain 1 Identifies a New Genetic Cause for Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 4 (SMA4)
title_short A Compound Heterozygous Mutation in Calpain 1 Identifies a New Genetic Cause for Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 4 (SMA4)
title_sort compound heterozygous mutation in calpain 1 identifies a new genetic cause for spinal muscular atrophy type 4 (sma4)
topic Genetics
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8807693/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35126465
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.801253
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