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Hippocampus and its involvement in Alzheimer’s disease: a review

Hippocampus is the significant component of the limbic lobe, which is further subdivided into the dentate gyrus and parts of Cornu Ammonis. It is the crucial region for learning and memory; its sub-regions aid in the generation of episodic memory. However, the hippocampus is one of the brain areas a...

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Autores principales: Rao, Y. Lakshmisha, Ganaraja, B., Murlimanju, B. V., Joy, Teresa, Krishnamurthy, Ashwin, Agrawal, Amit
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer International Publishing 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8807768/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35116217
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13205-022-03123-4
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author Rao, Y. Lakshmisha
Ganaraja, B.
Murlimanju, B. V.
Joy, Teresa
Krishnamurthy, Ashwin
Agrawal, Amit
author_facet Rao, Y. Lakshmisha
Ganaraja, B.
Murlimanju, B. V.
Joy, Teresa
Krishnamurthy, Ashwin
Agrawal, Amit
author_sort Rao, Y. Lakshmisha
collection PubMed
description Hippocampus is the significant component of the limbic lobe, which is further subdivided into the dentate gyrus and parts of Cornu Ammonis. It is the crucial region for learning and memory; its sub-regions aid in the generation of episodic memory. However, the hippocampus is one of the brain areas affected by Alzheimer’s (AD). In the early stages of AD, the hippocampus shows rapid loss of its tissue, which is associated with the functional disconnection with other parts of the brain. In the progression of AD, atrophy of medial temporal and hippocampal regions are the structural markers in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Lack of sirtuin (SIRT) expression in the hippocampal neurons will impair cognitive function, including recent memory and spatial learning. Proliferation, differentiation, and migrations are the steps involved in adult neurogenesis. The microglia in the hippocampal region are more immunologically active than the other regions of the brain. Intrinsic factors like hormones, glia, and vascular nourishment are instrumental in the neural stem cell (NSC) functions by maintaining the brain’s microenvironment. Along with the intrinsic factors, many extrinsic factors like dietary intake and physical activity may also influence the NSCs. Hence, pro-neurogenic lifestyle could delay neurodegeneration.
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spelling pubmed-88077682022-02-02 Hippocampus and its involvement in Alzheimer’s disease: a review Rao, Y. Lakshmisha Ganaraja, B. Murlimanju, B. V. Joy, Teresa Krishnamurthy, Ashwin Agrawal, Amit 3 Biotech Review Article Hippocampus is the significant component of the limbic lobe, which is further subdivided into the dentate gyrus and parts of Cornu Ammonis. It is the crucial region for learning and memory; its sub-regions aid in the generation of episodic memory. However, the hippocampus is one of the brain areas affected by Alzheimer’s (AD). In the early stages of AD, the hippocampus shows rapid loss of its tissue, which is associated with the functional disconnection with other parts of the brain. In the progression of AD, atrophy of medial temporal and hippocampal regions are the structural markers in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Lack of sirtuin (SIRT) expression in the hippocampal neurons will impair cognitive function, including recent memory and spatial learning. Proliferation, differentiation, and migrations are the steps involved in adult neurogenesis. The microglia in the hippocampal region are more immunologically active than the other regions of the brain. Intrinsic factors like hormones, glia, and vascular nourishment are instrumental in the neural stem cell (NSC) functions by maintaining the brain’s microenvironment. Along with the intrinsic factors, many extrinsic factors like dietary intake and physical activity may also influence the NSCs. Hence, pro-neurogenic lifestyle could delay neurodegeneration. Springer International Publishing 2022-02-01 2022-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8807768/ /pubmed/35116217 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13205-022-03123-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Review Article
Rao, Y. Lakshmisha
Ganaraja, B.
Murlimanju, B. V.
Joy, Teresa
Krishnamurthy, Ashwin
Agrawal, Amit
Hippocampus and its involvement in Alzheimer’s disease: a review
title Hippocampus and its involvement in Alzheimer’s disease: a review
title_full Hippocampus and its involvement in Alzheimer’s disease: a review
title_fullStr Hippocampus and its involvement in Alzheimer’s disease: a review
title_full_unstemmed Hippocampus and its involvement in Alzheimer’s disease: a review
title_short Hippocampus and its involvement in Alzheimer’s disease: a review
title_sort hippocampus and its involvement in alzheimer’s disease: a review
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8807768/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35116217
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13205-022-03123-4
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