Cargando…
Physical fitness, physical activity and adiposity: associations with risk factors for cardiometabolic disease and cognitive function across adolescence
BACKGROUND: The cross-sectional associations between physical activity, physical fitness and adiposity with risk factors for cardiometabolic disease (particularly novel ones such as inflammatory cytokines) and cognitive function across the period of adolescence are not well understood. Additionally,...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8809029/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35109814 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12887-022-03118-3 |
_version_ | 1784643936767180800 |
---|---|
author | Williams, Ryan A. Cooper, Simon B. Dring, Karah J. Hatch, Lorna Morris, John G. Sun, Feng-Hua Nevill, Mary E. |
author_facet | Williams, Ryan A. Cooper, Simon B. Dring, Karah J. Hatch, Lorna Morris, John G. Sun, Feng-Hua Nevill, Mary E. |
author_sort | Williams, Ryan A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The cross-sectional associations between physical activity, physical fitness and adiposity with risk factors for cardiometabolic disease (particularly novel ones such as inflammatory cytokines) and cognitive function across the period of adolescence are not well understood. Additionally, novel physical activity metrics that summarise activity volume and intensity in a continuous manner have not been investigated in this context. Therefore, this study investigated the cross-sectional associations between physical activity, physical fitness and adiposity with risk factors for cardiometabolic disease and cognitive function. These associations were compared between younger and older adolescents. METHODS: Seventy younger (11-12y, 35 girls) and 43 older (14-15y, 27 girls) adolescents volunteered to take part in the study. Physical fitness (multi-stage fitness test, MSFT) and adiposity (waist circumference) were determined, followed 7d later by resting blood pressure, a fasted blood sample (glucose, plasma insulin, IL6, IL10, IL15 and IL-1β concentrations) and a cognitive function test battery. Habitual physical activity was monitored via hip-worn accelerometers over this 7-d period and the average acceleration (activity volume), and intensity gradient (intensity distribution of activity) were determined. RESULTS: Average acceleration and intensity gradient were negatively associated with mean arterial blood pressure (β = -0.75 mmHg, p = 0.021; β = -10 mmHg, p = 0.006, respectively), and waist circumference was positively associated with IL-6 concentration (β = 0.03%, p = 0.026), with stronger associations observed in older adolescents. Higher physical fitness (MSFT distance) was positively associated with anti-inflammatory IL-15 concentration (β = 0.03%, p = 0.038) and faster response times on the incongruent Stroop task (β = -1.43 ms, p = 0.025), the one-item level of the Sternberg paradigm (β = -0.66 ms, p = 0.026) and the simple (β = 0.43 ms, p = 0.032) and complex (β = -2.43 ms, p = 0.020) levels of the visual search test, but these were not moderated by age group. CONCLUSIONS: The present study highlights the important role of physical activity (both the volume and intensity distribution) and physical fitness for cardio-metabolic health. Furthermore, the present study highlights the importance of physical fitness for a variety of cognitive function domains in adolescents, irrespective of age. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8809029 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88090292022-02-03 Physical fitness, physical activity and adiposity: associations with risk factors for cardiometabolic disease and cognitive function across adolescence Williams, Ryan A. Cooper, Simon B. Dring, Karah J. Hatch, Lorna Morris, John G. Sun, Feng-Hua Nevill, Mary E. BMC Pediatr Research BACKGROUND: The cross-sectional associations between physical activity, physical fitness and adiposity with risk factors for cardiometabolic disease (particularly novel ones such as inflammatory cytokines) and cognitive function across the period of adolescence are not well understood. Additionally, novel physical activity metrics that summarise activity volume and intensity in a continuous manner have not been investigated in this context. Therefore, this study investigated the cross-sectional associations between physical activity, physical fitness and adiposity with risk factors for cardiometabolic disease and cognitive function. These associations were compared between younger and older adolescents. METHODS: Seventy younger (11-12y, 35 girls) and 43 older (14-15y, 27 girls) adolescents volunteered to take part in the study. Physical fitness (multi-stage fitness test, MSFT) and adiposity (waist circumference) were determined, followed 7d later by resting blood pressure, a fasted blood sample (glucose, plasma insulin, IL6, IL10, IL15 and IL-1β concentrations) and a cognitive function test battery. Habitual physical activity was monitored via hip-worn accelerometers over this 7-d period and the average acceleration (activity volume), and intensity gradient (intensity distribution of activity) were determined. RESULTS: Average acceleration and intensity gradient were negatively associated with mean arterial blood pressure (β = -0.75 mmHg, p = 0.021; β = -10 mmHg, p = 0.006, respectively), and waist circumference was positively associated with IL-6 concentration (β = 0.03%, p = 0.026), with stronger associations observed in older adolescents. Higher physical fitness (MSFT distance) was positively associated with anti-inflammatory IL-15 concentration (β = 0.03%, p = 0.038) and faster response times on the incongruent Stroop task (β = -1.43 ms, p = 0.025), the one-item level of the Sternberg paradigm (β = -0.66 ms, p = 0.026) and the simple (β = 0.43 ms, p = 0.032) and complex (β = -2.43 ms, p = 0.020) levels of the visual search test, but these were not moderated by age group. CONCLUSIONS: The present study highlights the important role of physical activity (both the volume and intensity distribution) and physical fitness for cardio-metabolic health. Furthermore, the present study highlights the importance of physical fitness for a variety of cognitive function domains in adolescents, irrespective of age. BioMed Central 2022-02-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8809029/ /pubmed/35109814 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12887-022-03118-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Williams, Ryan A. Cooper, Simon B. Dring, Karah J. Hatch, Lorna Morris, John G. Sun, Feng-Hua Nevill, Mary E. Physical fitness, physical activity and adiposity: associations with risk factors for cardiometabolic disease and cognitive function across adolescence |
title | Physical fitness, physical activity and adiposity: associations with risk factors for cardiometabolic disease and cognitive function across adolescence |
title_full | Physical fitness, physical activity and adiposity: associations with risk factors for cardiometabolic disease and cognitive function across adolescence |
title_fullStr | Physical fitness, physical activity and adiposity: associations with risk factors for cardiometabolic disease and cognitive function across adolescence |
title_full_unstemmed | Physical fitness, physical activity and adiposity: associations with risk factors for cardiometabolic disease and cognitive function across adolescence |
title_short | Physical fitness, physical activity and adiposity: associations with risk factors for cardiometabolic disease and cognitive function across adolescence |
title_sort | physical fitness, physical activity and adiposity: associations with risk factors for cardiometabolic disease and cognitive function across adolescence |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8809029/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35109814 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12887-022-03118-3 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT williamsryana physicalfitnessphysicalactivityandadiposityassociationswithriskfactorsforcardiometabolicdiseaseandcognitivefunctionacrossadolescence AT coopersimonb physicalfitnessphysicalactivityandadiposityassociationswithriskfactorsforcardiometabolicdiseaseandcognitivefunctionacrossadolescence AT dringkarahj physicalfitnessphysicalactivityandadiposityassociationswithriskfactorsforcardiometabolicdiseaseandcognitivefunctionacrossadolescence AT hatchlorna physicalfitnessphysicalactivityandadiposityassociationswithriskfactorsforcardiometabolicdiseaseandcognitivefunctionacrossadolescence AT morrisjohng physicalfitnessphysicalactivityandadiposityassociationswithriskfactorsforcardiometabolicdiseaseandcognitivefunctionacrossadolescence AT sunfenghua physicalfitnessphysicalactivityandadiposityassociationswithriskfactorsforcardiometabolicdiseaseandcognitivefunctionacrossadolescence AT nevillmarye physicalfitnessphysicalactivityandadiposityassociationswithriskfactorsforcardiometabolicdiseaseandcognitivefunctionacrossadolescence |