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Salicylic Acid, Jasmonate, and Ethylene Contribute to Rice Defense Against White Tip Nematodes Aphelenchoides besseyi
Plant hormones have a prominent place in the plant immune and defense mechanism. To gain more information about the plant hormone pathways involved in rice defense against nematodes, here, we studied the roles of three core hormones, namely, salicylic acid (SA), jasmonate (JA), and ethylene (ET) in...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8811222/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35126405 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.755802 |
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author | Xie, Jialian Yang, Fang Xu, Xing Peng, Yunliang Ji, Hongli |
author_facet | Xie, Jialian Yang, Fang Xu, Xing Peng, Yunliang Ji, Hongli |
author_sort | Xie, Jialian |
collection | PubMed |
description | Plant hormones have a prominent place in the plant immune and defense mechanism. To gain more information about the plant hormone pathways involved in rice defense against nematodes, here, we studied the roles of three core hormones, namely, salicylic acid (SA), jasmonate (JA), and ethylene (ET) in rice defense to Aphelenchoides besseyi by using the susceptible variety, Nipponbare as well as the resistant variety Tetep. The data showed that Tetep exhibited pre- and post-invasion with suppression of nematode infection, development, and reproduction. The quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR analysis of plant hormone marker genes in the two cultivars clearly revealed that all the SA-related genes were downregulated in susceptible Nipponbare plants but were significantly upregulated in resistant Tetep plants at the flowering stage. The exogenous application of the SA analog, benzo-1,2,3-thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester (BTH), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and ethephon did induce rice resistance to A. besseyi, and the rice plants treated by hormone inhibitors increased susceptibility to A. besseyi. Similarly, corresponding transgenic biosynthesis or signaling mutants of those hormones also showed an increased susceptibility. Collectively, these results suggest that SA, JA, and ET play important defense roles in rice against A. besseyi. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8811222 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88112222022-02-04 Salicylic Acid, Jasmonate, and Ethylene Contribute to Rice Defense Against White Tip Nematodes Aphelenchoides besseyi Xie, Jialian Yang, Fang Xu, Xing Peng, Yunliang Ji, Hongli Front Plant Sci Plant Science Plant hormones have a prominent place in the plant immune and defense mechanism. To gain more information about the plant hormone pathways involved in rice defense against nematodes, here, we studied the roles of three core hormones, namely, salicylic acid (SA), jasmonate (JA), and ethylene (ET) in rice defense to Aphelenchoides besseyi by using the susceptible variety, Nipponbare as well as the resistant variety Tetep. The data showed that Tetep exhibited pre- and post-invasion with suppression of nematode infection, development, and reproduction. The quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR analysis of plant hormone marker genes in the two cultivars clearly revealed that all the SA-related genes were downregulated in susceptible Nipponbare plants but were significantly upregulated in resistant Tetep plants at the flowering stage. The exogenous application of the SA analog, benzo-1,2,3-thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester (BTH), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and ethephon did induce rice resistance to A. besseyi, and the rice plants treated by hormone inhibitors increased susceptibility to A. besseyi. Similarly, corresponding transgenic biosynthesis or signaling mutants of those hormones also showed an increased susceptibility. Collectively, these results suggest that SA, JA, and ET play important defense roles in rice against A. besseyi. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-01-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8811222/ /pubmed/35126405 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.755802 Text en Copyright © 2022 Xie, Yang, Xu, Peng and Ji. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Plant Science Xie, Jialian Yang, Fang Xu, Xing Peng, Yunliang Ji, Hongli Salicylic Acid, Jasmonate, and Ethylene Contribute to Rice Defense Against White Tip Nematodes Aphelenchoides besseyi |
title | Salicylic Acid, Jasmonate, and Ethylene Contribute to Rice Defense Against White Tip Nematodes Aphelenchoides besseyi |
title_full | Salicylic Acid, Jasmonate, and Ethylene Contribute to Rice Defense Against White Tip Nematodes Aphelenchoides besseyi |
title_fullStr | Salicylic Acid, Jasmonate, and Ethylene Contribute to Rice Defense Against White Tip Nematodes Aphelenchoides besseyi |
title_full_unstemmed | Salicylic Acid, Jasmonate, and Ethylene Contribute to Rice Defense Against White Tip Nematodes Aphelenchoides besseyi |
title_short | Salicylic Acid, Jasmonate, and Ethylene Contribute to Rice Defense Against White Tip Nematodes Aphelenchoides besseyi |
title_sort | salicylic acid, jasmonate, and ethylene contribute to rice defense against white tip nematodes aphelenchoides besseyi |
topic | Plant Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8811222/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35126405 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.755802 |
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