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Usefulness of rapid molecular tests in pediatric respiratory tract infections

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role and the advantages of nasopharyngeal swabs in the detection of Influenza A and B viruses and Respiratory syncytial virus through a rapid test based upon a nucleic acid amplification reaction in order to avoid improper antibiotics use. DESIGN: Case-control retrospectiv...

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Autores principales: Nardi, Simona, Carolis, Lorella, Iannini, Roberta, De Sandro, Maria Vittoria, Solito, Giovanna, Calafatti, Matteo, Gizzi, Camilla
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8811743/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35115016
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13052-022-01200-1
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author Nardi, Simona
Carolis, Lorella
Iannini, Roberta
De Sandro, Maria Vittoria
Solito, Giovanna
Calafatti, Matteo
Gizzi, Camilla
author_facet Nardi, Simona
Carolis, Lorella
Iannini, Roberta
De Sandro, Maria Vittoria
Solito, Giovanna
Calafatti, Matteo
Gizzi, Camilla
author_sort Nardi, Simona
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role and the advantages of nasopharyngeal swabs in the detection of Influenza A and B viruses and Respiratory syncytial virus through a rapid test based upon a nucleic acid amplification reaction in order to avoid improper antibiotics use. DESIGN: Case-control retrospective study. SETTING: Emergency Room of “Sandro Pertini” General Hospital, Rome, Italy. PARTICIPANTS: Children (< 14 years old) who consecutively arrived in the Emergency Department (ED) for respiratory tract infections, without obvious signs of bacterial respiratory tract infections and other comorbidities, in the maximal seasonal incidence period of November-to-March of every year between 2016 and 2020. METHODS: Medical records of children included in the study were retrospectively examined. Children were subdivided according to the following intervals: 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 (Group 1), 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 (Group 2). Children in Group 2 undertook a nasopharyngeal swab, while those in Group 1 did not undergo any specific diagnostic test. PRIMARY OUTCOME: Avoidance of improper antibiotics administration. RESULTS: A total of 386 children were included in the study: 174 in Group 1, 212 in Group 2. The Odd Ratio (OR) of prescribing an antibiotic in the groups of children not being swabbed compared to those of children undertaking a swab was 9.21 (CI95% 5.6–15.2, p < 0.001). The overall percentage of hospitalizations, both in the short observation unit or in the pediatric unit, did not differ between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Nasopharyngeal swabs for the detection of Influenza A and B viruses and Respiratory syncytial virus proved to be a useful means to a correct and timely diagnosis and allowed for a significant reduction in the prescription of antibiotic therapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Retrospectively registered.
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spelling pubmed-88117432022-02-03 Usefulness of rapid molecular tests in pediatric respiratory tract infections Nardi, Simona Carolis, Lorella Iannini, Roberta De Sandro, Maria Vittoria Solito, Giovanna Calafatti, Matteo Gizzi, Camilla Ital J Pediatr Research OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role and the advantages of nasopharyngeal swabs in the detection of Influenza A and B viruses and Respiratory syncytial virus through a rapid test based upon a nucleic acid amplification reaction in order to avoid improper antibiotics use. DESIGN: Case-control retrospective study. SETTING: Emergency Room of “Sandro Pertini” General Hospital, Rome, Italy. PARTICIPANTS: Children (< 14 years old) who consecutively arrived in the Emergency Department (ED) for respiratory tract infections, without obvious signs of bacterial respiratory tract infections and other comorbidities, in the maximal seasonal incidence period of November-to-March of every year between 2016 and 2020. METHODS: Medical records of children included in the study were retrospectively examined. Children were subdivided according to the following intervals: 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 (Group 1), 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 (Group 2). Children in Group 2 undertook a nasopharyngeal swab, while those in Group 1 did not undergo any specific diagnostic test. PRIMARY OUTCOME: Avoidance of improper antibiotics administration. RESULTS: A total of 386 children were included in the study: 174 in Group 1, 212 in Group 2. The Odd Ratio (OR) of prescribing an antibiotic in the groups of children not being swabbed compared to those of children undertaking a swab was 9.21 (CI95% 5.6–15.2, p < 0.001). The overall percentage of hospitalizations, both in the short observation unit or in the pediatric unit, did not differ between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Nasopharyngeal swabs for the detection of Influenza A and B viruses and Respiratory syncytial virus proved to be a useful means to a correct and timely diagnosis and allowed for a significant reduction in the prescription of antibiotic therapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Retrospectively registered. BioMed Central 2022-02-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8811743/ /pubmed/35115016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13052-022-01200-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Nardi, Simona
Carolis, Lorella
Iannini, Roberta
De Sandro, Maria Vittoria
Solito, Giovanna
Calafatti, Matteo
Gizzi, Camilla
Usefulness of rapid molecular tests in pediatric respiratory tract infections
title Usefulness of rapid molecular tests in pediatric respiratory tract infections
title_full Usefulness of rapid molecular tests in pediatric respiratory tract infections
title_fullStr Usefulness of rapid molecular tests in pediatric respiratory tract infections
title_full_unstemmed Usefulness of rapid molecular tests in pediatric respiratory tract infections
title_short Usefulness of rapid molecular tests in pediatric respiratory tract infections
title_sort usefulness of rapid molecular tests in pediatric respiratory tract infections
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8811743/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35115016
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13052-022-01200-1
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