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Chemical Components of Smoke Produced From Versatile Training Tissue Models Using Electrocautery

INTRODUCTION: While exposure of surgeons and other staff to surgical smoke is an increasing health risk concern, there is a similar risk for users in surgical simulation and training. This study was undertaken to determine the chemical composition of smoke produced from a novel training model, Versa...

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Autores principales: Morimoto, Gaku, Kawahira, Hiroshi, Takayama, Seiichiro, Lefor, Alan Kawarai
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8812419/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34009917
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SIH.0000000000000578
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author Morimoto, Gaku
Kawahira, Hiroshi
Takayama, Seiichiro
Lefor, Alan Kawarai
author_facet Morimoto, Gaku
Kawahira, Hiroshi
Takayama, Seiichiro
Lefor, Alan Kawarai
author_sort Morimoto, Gaku
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: While exposure of surgeons and other staff to surgical smoke is an increasing health risk concern, there is a similar risk for users in surgical simulation and training. This study was undertaken to determine the chemical composition of smoke produced from a novel training model, Versatile Training Tissue (VTT), which is used for surgical simulation and training, and to compare this with smoke from a chemosynthetic model and porcine muscle and liver. METHODS: A variety of models (VTT, polyvinyl alcohol, porcine muscle and liver) were prepared and cauterized. Identification of chemical substances in smoke was performed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Quantitative instrumental analysis was implemented with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. A convenient analysis was performed with a general smoke tube kit. RESULTS: The main chemical components of smoke produced from VTT models include water and carbon dioxide. A small number of organic compounds were detected. Versatile Training Tissue models produced smoke with fewer compounds than smoke from a chemosynthetic model or porcine muscle. CONCLUSIONS: The concentration of organic compounds from VTT models is considered to be below relevant health risk limits and lower than from polyvinyl alcohol and porcine muscle models. Although porcine liver smoke contains less of the main organic compounds of concern than a KM, it contains potentially hazardous nitrile compounds that are absent in KM smoke. Therefore, surgical simulation and training with VTT models should be considered relatively safe for trainees.
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spelling pubmed-88124192022-02-09 Chemical Components of Smoke Produced From Versatile Training Tissue Models Using Electrocautery Morimoto, Gaku Kawahira, Hiroshi Takayama, Seiichiro Lefor, Alan Kawarai Simul Healthc Empirical Investigations INTRODUCTION: While exposure of surgeons and other staff to surgical smoke is an increasing health risk concern, there is a similar risk for users in surgical simulation and training. This study was undertaken to determine the chemical composition of smoke produced from a novel training model, Versatile Training Tissue (VTT), which is used for surgical simulation and training, and to compare this with smoke from a chemosynthetic model and porcine muscle and liver. METHODS: A variety of models (VTT, polyvinyl alcohol, porcine muscle and liver) were prepared and cauterized. Identification of chemical substances in smoke was performed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Quantitative instrumental analysis was implemented with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. A convenient analysis was performed with a general smoke tube kit. RESULTS: The main chemical components of smoke produced from VTT models include water and carbon dioxide. A small number of organic compounds were detected. Versatile Training Tissue models produced smoke with fewer compounds than smoke from a chemosynthetic model or porcine muscle. CONCLUSIONS: The concentration of organic compounds from VTT models is considered to be below relevant health risk limits and lower than from polyvinyl alcohol and porcine muscle models. Although porcine liver smoke contains less of the main organic compounds of concern than a KM, it contains potentially hazardous nitrile compounds that are absent in KM smoke. Therefore, surgical simulation and training with VTT models should be considered relatively safe for trainees. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2022-02 2021-05-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8812419/ /pubmed/34009917 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SIH.0000000000000578 Text en Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) , where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.
spellingShingle Empirical Investigations
Morimoto, Gaku
Kawahira, Hiroshi
Takayama, Seiichiro
Lefor, Alan Kawarai
Chemical Components of Smoke Produced From Versatile Training Tissue Models Using Electrocautery
title Chemical Components of Smoke Produced From Versatile Training Tissue Models Using Electrocautery
title_full Chemical Components of Smoke Produced From Versatile Training Tissue Models Using Electrocautery
title_fullStr Chemical Components of Smoke Produced From Versatile Training Tissue Models Using Electrocautery
title_full_unstemmed Chemical Components of Smoke Produced From Versatile Training Tissue Models Using Electrocautery
title_short Chemical Components of Smoke Produced From Versatile Training Tissue Models Using Electrocautery
title_sort chemical components of smoke produced from versatile training tissue models using electrocautery
topic Empirical Investigations
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8812419/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34009917
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SIH.0000000000000578
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