Cargando…
Non-Invasive microRNA Profiling in Saliva can Serve as a Biomarker of Alcohol Exposure and Its Effects in Humans
Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is one of the most prevalent mental disorders worldwide. Considering the widespread occurrence of AUD, a reliable, cheap, non-invasive biomarker of alcohol consumption is desired by healthcare providers, clinicians, researchers, public health and criminal justice officials...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8812725/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35126468 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.804222 |
_version_ | 1784644716560646144 |
---|---|
author | Mead, Edward A. Boulghassoul-Pietrzykowska, Nadia Wang, Yongping Anees, Onaiza Kinstlinger, Noah S. Lee, Maximillian Hamza, Shireen Feng, Yaping Pietrzykowski, Andrzej Z. |
author_facet | Mead, Edward A. Boulghassoul-Pietrzykowska, Nadia Wang, Yongping Anees, Onaiza Kinstlinger, Noah S. Lee, Maximillian Hamza, Shireen Feng, Yaping Pietrzykowski, Andrzej Z. |
author_sort | Mead, Edward A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is one of the most prevalent mental disorders worldwide. Considering the widespread occurrence of AUD, a reliable, cheap, non-invasive biomarker of alcohol consumption is desired by healthcare providers, clinicians, researchers, public health and criminal justice officials. microRNAs could serve as such biomarkers. They are easily detectable in saliva, which can be sampled from individuals in a non-invasive manner. Moreover, microRNAs expression is dynamically regulated by environmental factors, including alcohol. Since excessive alcohol consumption is a hallmark of alcohol abuse, we have profiled microRNA expression in the saliva of chronic, heavy alcohol abusers using microRNA microarrays. We observed significant changes in salivary microRNA expression caused by excessive alcohol consumption. These changes fell into three categories: downregulated microRNAs, upregulated microRNAs, and microRNAs upregulated de novo. Analysis of these combinatorial changes in microRNA expression suggests dysregulation of specific biological pathways leading to impairment of the immune system and development of several types of epithelial cancer. Moreover, some of the altered microRNAs are also modulators of inflammation, suggesting their contribution to pro-inflammatory mechanisms of alcohol actions. Establishment of the cellular source of microRNAs in saliva corroborated these results. We determined that most of the microRNAs in saliva come from two types of cells: leukocytes involved in immune responses and inflammation, and buccal cells, involved in development of epithelial, oral cancers. In summary, we propose that microRNA profiling in saliva can be a useful, non-invasive biomarker allowing the monitoring of alcohol abuse, as well as alcohol-related inflammation and early detection of cancer. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8812725 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88127252022-02-04 Non-Invasive microRNA Profiling in Saliva can Serve as a Biomarker of Alcohol Exposure and Its Effects in Humans Mead, Edward A. Boulghassoul-Pietrzykowska, Nadia Wang, Yongping Anees, Onaiza Kinstlinger, Noah S. Lee, Maximillian Hamza, Shireen Feng, Yaping Pietrzykowski, Andrzej Z. Front Genet Genetics Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is one of the most prevalent mental disorders worldwide. Considering the widespread occurrence of AUD, a reliable, cheap, non-invasive biomarker of alcohol consumption is desired by healthcare providers, clinicians, researchers, public health and criminal justice officials. microRNAs could serve as such biomarkers. They are easily detectable in saliva, which can be sampled from individuals in a non-invasive manner. Moreover, microRNAs expression is dynamically regulated by environmental factors, including alcohol. Since excessive alcohol consumption is a hallmark of alcohol abuse, we have profiled microRNA expression in the saliva of chronic, heavy alcohol abusers using microRNA microarrays. We observed significant changes in salivary microRNA expression caused by excessive alcohol consumption. These changes fell into three categories: downregulated microRNAs, upregulated microRNAs, and microRNAs upregulated de novo. Analysis of these combinatorial changes in microRNA expression suggests dysregulation of specific biological pathways leading to impairment of the immune system and development of several types of epithelial cancer. Moreover, some of the altered microRNAs are also modulators of inflammation, suggesting their contribution to pro-inflammatory mechanisms of alcohol actions. Establishment of the cellular source of microRNAs in saliva corroborated these results. We determined that most of the microRNAs in saliva come from two types of cells: leukocytes involved in immune responses and inflammation, and buccal cells, involved in development of epithelial, oral cancers. In summary, we propose that microRNA profiling in saliva can be a useful, non-invasive biomarker allowing the monitoring of alcohol abuse, as well as alcohol-related inflammation and early detection of cancer. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-01-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8812725/ /pubmed/35126468 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.804222 Text en Copyright © 2022 Mead, Boulghassoul-Pietrzykowska, Wang, Anees, Kinstlinger, Lee, Hamza, Feng and Pietrzykowski. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Genetics Mead, Edward A. Boulghassoul-Pietrzykowska, Nadia Wang, Yongping Anees, Onaiza Kinstlinger, Noah S. Lee, Maximillian Hamza, Shireen Feng, Yaping Pietrzykowski, Andrzej Z. Non-Invasive microRNA Profiling in Saliva can Serve as a Biomarker of Alcohol Exposure and Its Effects in Humans |
title | Non-Invasive microRNA Profiling in Saliva can Serve as a Biomarker of Alcohol Exposure and Its Effects in Humans |
title_full | Non-Invasive microRNA Profiling in Saliva can Serve as a Biomarker of Alcohol Exposure and Its Effects in Humans |
title_fullStr | Non-Invasive microRNA Profiling in Saliva can Serve as a Biomarker of Alcohol Exposure and Its Effects in Humans |
title_full_unstemmed | Non-Invasive microRNA Profiling in Saliva can Serve as a Biomarker of Alcohol Exposure and Its Effects in Humans |
title_short | Non-Invasive microRNA Profiling in Saliva can Serve as a Biomarker of Alcohol Exposure and Its Effects in Humans |
title_sort | non-invasive microrna profiling in saliva can serve as a biomarker of alcohol exposure and its effects in humans |
topic | Genetics |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8812725/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35126468 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.804222 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT meadedwarda noninvasivemicrornaprofilinginsalivacanserveasabiomarkerofalcoholexposureanditseffectsinhumans AT boulghassoulpietrzykowskanadia noninvasivemicrornaprofilinginsalivacanserveasabiomarkerofalcoholexposureanditseffectsinhumans AT wangyongping noninvasivemicrornaprofilinginsalivacanserveasabiomarkerofalcoholexposureanditseffectsinhumans AT aneesonaiza noninvasivemicrornaprofilinginsalivacanserveasabiomarkerofalcoholexposureanditseffectsinhumans AT kinstlingernoahs noninvasivemicrornaprofilinginsalivacanserveasabiomarkerofalcoholexposureanditseffectsinhumans AT leemaximillian noninvasivemicrornaprofilinginsalivacanserveasabiomarkerofalcoholexposureanditseffectsinhumans AT hamzashireen noninvasivemicrornaprofilinginsalivacanserveasabiomarkerofalcoholexposureanditseffectsinhumans AT fengyaping noninvasivemicrornaprofilinginsalivacanserveasabiomarkerofalcoholexposureanditseffectsinhumans AT pietrzykowskiandrzejz noninvasivemicrornaprofilinginsalivacanserveasabiomarkerofalcoholexposureanditseffectsinhumans |