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An Experimental Study to Assess the Professional and Social Consequences of Tardive Dyskinesia

OBJECTIVE: Antipsychotic medications may cause tardive dyskinesia (TD), an often-irreversible movement disorder characterized by involuntary movements that are typically stereotypic, choreiform, or dystonic and may impair quality of life. This study evaluated others’ perceptions of abnormal TD movem...

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Autores principales: Ayyagari, Rajeev, Goldschmidt, Debbie, Mu, Fan, Caroff, Stanley N., Carroll, Benjamin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8813323/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35078958
http://dx.doi.org/10.9758/cpn.2022.20.1.154
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author Ayyagari, Rajeev
Goldschmidt, Debbie
Mu, Fan
Caroff, Stanley N.
Carroll, Benjamin
author_facet Ayyagari, Rajeev
Goldschmidt, Debbie
Mu, Fan
Caroff, Stanley N.
Carroll, Benjamin
author_sort Ayyagari, Rajeev
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: Antipsychotic medications may cause tardive dyskinesia (TD), an often-irreversible movement disorder characterized by involuntary movements that are typically stereotypic, choreiform, or dystonic and may impair quality of life. This study evaluated others’ perceptions of abnormal TD movements in professional and social situations. METHODS: This was an experimental, randomized, blinded, digital survey in a general population sample. Participants were randomized 11 into a test or control group to view a video of a professional actor simulating TD movements or no TD movements prior to completing surveys on employment, dating, and friendship domains. Assessments for mild-to-moderate and moderate-to-severe TD movements were conducted separately. Authenticity of abnormal movements and Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) scores were evaluated by physician experts. RESULTS: Surveys were completed by 2,400 participants each for mild-to-moderate and moderate-to-severe TD. In all domains, participants responded significantly less favorably to persons with TD movements (both mild-to-moderate and moderate-to-severe) than those without TD movements. Fewer participants in the test versus control group for mild-to-moderate and moderate-to-severe TD, respectively, considered the candidate as a potential employee (29.2% and 22.7% fewer), found him/her attractive (20.5% and 18.7% fewer), and were interested in becoming friends with him/her (12.3% and 16.5% fewer). CONCLUSION: Professional actors simulating TD movements were perceived more negatively than those without TD movements in employment, dating, and friendship domains. To our knowledge, this is the first randomized study to quantify professional and social stigma associated with TD movements that may reduce opportunities for gainful employment, marital status, and an effective support system.
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spelling pubmed-88133232022-02-28 An Experimental Study to Assess the Professional and Social Consequences of Tardive Dyskinesia Ayyagari, Rajeev Goldschmidt, Debbie Mu, Fan Caroff, Stanley N. Carroll, Benjamin Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci Original Article OBJECTIVE: Antipsychotic medications may cause tardive dyskinesia (TD), an often-irreversible movement disorder characterized by involuntary movements that are typically stereotypic, choreiform, or dystonic and may impair quality of life. This study evaluated others’ perceptions of abnormal TD movements in professional and social situations. METHODS: This was an experimental, randomized, blinded, digital survey in a general population sample. Participants were randomized 11 into a test or control group to view a video of a professional actor simulating TD movements or no TD movements prior to completing surveys on employment, dating, and friendship domains. Assessments for mild-to-moderate and moderate-to-severe TD movements were conducted separately. Authenticity of abnormal movements and Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) scores were evaluated by physician experts. RESULTS: Surveys were completed by 2,400 participants each for mild-to-moderate and moderate-to-severe TD. In all domains, participants responded significantly less favorably to persons with TD movements (both mild-to-moderate and moderate-to-severe) than those without TD movements. Fewer participants in the test versus control group for mild-to-moderate and moderate-to-severe TD, respectively, considered the candidate as a potential employee (29.2% and 22.7% fewer), found him/her attractive (20.5% and 18.7% fewer), and were interested in becoming friends with him/her (12.3% and 16.5% fewer). CONCLUSION: Professional actors simulating TD movements were perceived more negatively than those without TD movements in employment, dating, and friendship domains. To our knowledge, this is the first randomized study to quantify professional and social stigma associated with TD movements that may reduce opportunities for gainful employment, marital status, and an effective support system. Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology 2022-02-28 2022-02-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8813323/ /pubmed/35078958 http://dx.doi.org/10.9758/cpn.2022.20.1.154 Text en Copyright© 2022, Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) ) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Ayyagari, Rajeev
Goldschmidt, Debbie
Mu, Fan
Caroff, Stanley N.
Carroll, Benjamin
An Experimental Study to Assess the Professional and Social Consequences of Tardive Dyskinesia
title An Experimental Study to Assess the Professional and Social Consequences of Tardive Dyskinesia
title_full An Experimental Study to Assess the Professional and Social Consequences of Tardive Dyskinesia
title_fullStr An Experimental Study to Assess the Professional and Social Consequences of Tardive Dyskinesia
title_full_unstemmed An Experimental Study to Assess the Professional and Social Consequences of Tardive Dyskinesia
title_short An Experimental Study to Assess the Professional and Social Consequences of Tardive Dyskinesia
title_sort experimental study to assess the professional and social consequences of tardive dyskinesia
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8813323/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35078958
http://dx.doi.org/10.9758/cpn.2022.20.1.154
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