Cargando…
Estimating the cost of COVID-19 vaccine deployment and introduction in Ghana using the CVIC tool
BACKGROUND: This study estimated cost of COVID-19 vaccine introduction and deployment in Ghana. METHODS: Using the WHO-UNICEF COVID-19 Vaccine Introduction and deployment Costing (CVIC) tool Ghana’s Ministry of Health Technical Working Group for Health Technology Assessment (TWG-HTA) in collaboratio...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier Science
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8813551/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35190206 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.01.036 |
_version_ | 1784644883395379200 |
---|---|
author | Nonvignon, Justice Owusu, Richmond Asare, Brian Adjagba, Alex Aun, Yap Wei Yeung, Karene Hoi Ting Azeez, Joycelyn Naa Korkoi Gyansa-Lutterodt, Martha Gulbi, Godwin Amponsa-Achiano, Kwame Dadzie, Frederick Armah, George E. Brenzel, Logan Hutubessy, Raymond Resch, Stephen C. |
author_facet | Nonvignon, Justice Owusu, Richmond Asare, Brian Adjagba, Alex Aun, Yap Wei Yeung, Karene Hoi Ting Azeez, Joycelyn Naa Korkoi Gyansa-Lutterodt, Martha Gulbi, Godwin Amponsa-Achiano, Kwame Dadzie, Frederick Armah, George E. Brenzel, Logan Hutubessy, Raymond Resch, Stephen C. |
author_sort | Nonvignon, Justice |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: This study estimated cost of COVID-19 vaccine introduction and deployment in Ghana. METHODS: Using the WHO-UNICEF COVID-19 Vaccine Introduction and deployment Costing (CVIC) tool Ghana’s Ministry of Health Technical Working Group for Health Technology Assessment (TWG-HTA) in collaboration with School of Public Health, University of Ghana, organized an initial two-day workshop that brought together partners to deliberate and agree on input parameters to populate the CVIC tool. A further 2–3 days validation with the Expanded Program of Immunization (EPI) and other partners to finalize the analysis was done. Three scenarios, with different combinations of vaccine products and delivery modalities, as well as time period were analyzed. The scenarios included AstraZeneca (40%), Johnson & Johnson (J&J) (30%), Moderna, Pfizer, and Sputnik V at 10% each; with primary schedule completed by second half of 2021 (Scenario 1); AstraZeneca (30%), J&J (40%), Moderna, Pfizer, and Sputnik V at 10% each with primary schedule completed by first half of 2022 (Scenario 2); and equal distribution (20%) among AstraZeneca, J&J, Moderna, Pfizer, and Sputnik V with primary schedule completed by second half of 2022 (Scenario 3). RESULTS: The estimated total cost of COVID-19 vaccination ranges between $348.7 and $436.1 million for the target population of 17.5 million. These translate into per person completed primary schedule cost of $20.9–$26.2 and per dose (including vaccine cost) of $10.5–$13.1. Again, per person completed primary schedule excluding vaccine cost was $4.5 and $4.6, thus per dose excluding vaccine also ranged from $2.2 – $2.3. The main cost driver was vaccine doses, including shipping, which accounts for between 78% and 83% of total cost. Further, an estimated 8,437–10,247 vaccinators (non-FTEs) would be required during 2021–2022 to vaccinate using a mix of delivery strategies, accounting for 8–10% of total cost. CONCLUSION: These findings provide the estimates to inform resource mobilization efforts by government and other partners. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8813551 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Elsevier Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88135512022-02-04 Estimating the cost of COVID-19 vaccine deployment and introduction in Ghana using the CVIC tool Nonvignon, Justice Owusu, Richmond Asare, Brian Adjagba, Alex Aun, Yap Wei Yeung, Karene Hoi Ting Azeez, Joycelyn Naa Korkoi Gyansa-Lutterodt, Martha Gulbi, Godwin Amponsa-Achiano, Kwame Dadzie, Frederick Armah, George E. Brenzel, Logan Hutubessy, Raymond Resch, Stephen C. Vaccine Article BACKGROUND: This study estimated cost of COVID-19 vaccine introduction and deployment in Ghana. METHODS: Using the WHO-UNICEF COVID-19 Vaccine Introduction and deployment Costing (CVIC) tool Ghana’s Ministry of Health Technical Working Group for Health Technology Assessment (TWG-HTA) in collaboration with School of Public Health, University of Ghana, organized an initial two-day workshop that brought together partners to deliberate and agree on input parameters to populate the CVIC tool. A further 2–3 days validation with the Expanded Program of Immunization (EPI) and other partners to finalize the analysis was done. Three scenarios, with different combinations of vaccine products and delivery modalities, as well as time period were analyzed. The scenarios included AstraZeneca (40%), Johnson & Johnson (J&J) (30%), Moderna, Pfizer, and Sputnik V at 10% each; with primary schedule completed by second half of 2021 (Scenario 1); AstraZeneca (30%), J&J (40%), Moderna, Pfizer, and Sputnik V at 10% each with primary schedule completed by first half of 2022 (Scenario 2); and equal distribution (20%) among AstraZeneca, J&J, Moderna, Pfizer, and Sputnik V with primary schedule completed by second half of 2022 (Scenario 3). RESULTS: The estimated total cost of COVID-19 vaccination ranges between $348.7 and $436.1 million for the target population of 17.5 million. These translate into per person completed primary schedule cost of $20.9–$26.2 and per dose (including vaccine cost) of $10.5–$13.1. Again, per person completed primary schedule excluding vaccine cost was $4.5 and $4.6, thus per dose excluding vaccine also ranged from $2.2 – $2.3. The main cost driver was vaccine doses, including shipping, which accounts for between 78% and 83% of total cost. Further, an estimated 8,437–10,247 vaccinators (non-FTEs) would be required during 2021–2022 to vaccinate using a mix of delivery strategies, accounting for 8–10% of total cost. CONCLUSION: These findings provide the estimates to inform resource mobilization efforts by government and other partners. Elsevier Science 2022-03-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8813551/ /pubmed/35190206 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.01.036 Text en © 2022 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Nonvignon, Justice Owusu, Richmond Asare, Brian Adjagba, Alex Aun, Yap Wei Yeung, Karene Hoi Ting Azeez, Joycelyn Naa Korkoi Gyansa-Lutterodt, Martha Gulbi, Godwin Amponsa-Achiano, Kwame Dadzie, Frederick Armah, George E. Brenzel, Logan Hutubessy, Raymond Resch, Stephen C. Estimating the cost of COVID-19 vaccine deployment and introduction in Ghana using the CVIC tool |
title | Estimating the cost of COVID-19 vaccine deployment and introduction in Ghana using the CVIC tool |
title_full | Estimating the cost of COVID-19 vaccine deployment and introduction in Ghana using the CVIC tool |
title_fullStr | Estimating the cost of COVID-19 vaccine deployment and introduction in Ghana using the CVIC tool |
title_full_unstemmed | Estimating the cost of COVID-19 vaccine deployment and introduction in Ghana using the CVIC tool |
title_short | Estimating the cost of COVID-19 vaccine deployment and introduction in Ghana using the CVIC tool |
title_sort | estimating the cost of covid-19 vaccine deployment and introduction in ghana using the cvic tool |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8813551/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35190206 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.01.036 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT nonvignonjustice estimatingthecostofcovid19vaccinedeploymentandintroductioninghanausingthecvictool AT owusurichmond estimatingthecostofcovid19vaccinedeploymentandintroductioninghanausingthecvictool AT asarebrian estimatingthecostofcovid19vaccinedeploymentandintroductioninghanausingthecvictool AT adjagbaalex estimatingthecostofcovid19vaccinedeploymentandintroductioninghanausingthecvictool AT aunyapwei estimatingthecostofcovid19vaccinedeploymentandintroductioninghanausingthecvictool AT yeungkarenehoiting estimatingthecostofcovid19vaccinedeploymentandintroductioninghanausingthecvictool AT azeezjoycelynnaakorkoi estimatingthecostofcovid19vaccinedeploymentandintroductioninghanausingthecvictool AT gyansalutterodtmartha estimatingthecostofcovid19vaccinedeploymentandintroductioninghanausingthecvictool AT gulbigodwin estimatingthecostofcovid19vaccinedeploymentandintroductioninghanausingthecvictool AT amponsaachianokwame estimatingthecostofcovid19vaccinedeploymentandintroductioninghanausingthecvictool AT dadziefrederick estimatingthecostofcovid19vaccinedeploymentandintroductioninghanausingthecvictool AT armahgeorgee estimatingthecostofcovid19vaccinedeploymentandintroductioninghanausingthecvictool AT brenzellogan estimatingthecostofcovid19vaccinedeploymentandintroductioninghanausingthecvictool AT hutubessyraymond estimatingthecostofcovid19vaccinedeploymentandintroductioninghanausingthecvictool AT reschstephenc estimatingthecostofcovid19vaccinedeploymentandintroductioninghanausingthecvictool AT estimatingthecostofcovid19vaccinedeploymentandintroductioninghanausingthecvictool |