Cargando…

Learning State Assessment in Online Education Based on Multiple Facial Features Detection

Considering that most of online training is not effectively supervised, this article presents an online leaning state assessment approach which combines blink detection, yawn detection, and head pose estimation. Blink detection is realized by computing the eye aspect ratio and the ratio of closed ey...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Li, Deguang, Cui, Zhanyou, Cao, Fukang, Cui, Gaoxiang, Shen, Jiaquan, Zhang, Yongxin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8817852/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35132313
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3986470
_version_ 1784645728104087552
author Li, Deguang
Cui, Zhanyou
Cao, Fukang
Cui, Gaoxiang
Shen, Jiaquan
Zhang, Yongxin
author_facet Li, Deguang
Cui, Zhanyou
Cao, Fukang
Cui, Gaoxiang
Shen, Jiaquan
Zhang, Yongxin
author_sort Li, Deguang
collection PubMed
description Considering that most of online training is not effectively supervised, this article presents an online leaning state assessment approach which combines blink detection, yawn detection, and head pose estimation. Blink detection is realized by computing the eye aspect ratio and the ratio of closed eye frames to the total frames per unit time to evaluate the degree of eye fatigue. Yawn detection is implemented by computing the aspect ratio of the mouth by using the feature points of the inner lip and combining it with the time of opening mouth to distinguish the mouth state. Head pose estimation is first implemented by calculating the head rotation matrix by matching the feature points of 2D face with the 3D face model and then calculating the Euler angle of the head according to the rotation matrix to evaluate the change of the head pose. Especially in yawn detection, we employ the feature points of inner lips in the calculation of the mouth aspect ratio to avoid the impact of lip thickness of various participants. Furthermore, the blink detection, yawn detection, and head pose estimation are first calculated based on the two-dimensional grayscale image of human face, which could reduce the computational complexity and improve the real-time performance of detection. Finally, combining the values of blinking, yawning, and head pose, multiple groups of experiments are carried out to assess the state of different online learners; then, the learning state is evaluated by analyzing the numerical changes of the three characteristics. Experimental results show that our approach could effectively evaluate the state of online learning and provide support for the development of online education.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8817852
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher Hindawi
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-88178522022-02-06 Learning State Assessment in Online Education Based on Multiple Facial Features Detection Li, Deguang Cui, Zhanyou Cao, Fukang Cui, Gaoxiang Shen, Jiaquan Zhang, Yongxin Comput Intell Neurosci Research Article Considering that most of online training is not effectively supervised, this article presents an online leaning state assessment approach which combines blink detection, yawn detection, and head pose estimation. Blink detection is realized by computing the eye aspect ratio and the ratio of closed eye frames to the total frames per unit time to evaluate the degree of eye fatigue. Yawn detection is implemented by computing the aspect ratio of the mouth by using the feature points of the inner lip and combining it with the time of opening mouth to distinguish the mouth state. Head pose estimation is first implemented by calculating the head rotation matrix by matching the feature points of 2D face with the 3D face model and then calculating the Euler angle of the head according to the rotation matrix to evaluate the change of the head pose. Especially in yawn detection, we employ the feature points of inner lips in the calculation of the mouth aspect ratio to avoid the impact of lip thickness of various participants. Furthermore, the blink detection, yawn detection, and head pose estimation are first calculated based on the two-dimensional grayscale image of human face, which could reduce the computational complexity and improve the real-time performance of detection. Finally, combining the values of blinking, yawning, and head pose, multiple groups of experiments are carried out to assess the state of different online learners; then, the learning state is evaluated by analyzing the numerical changes of the three characteristics. Experimental results show that our approach could effectively evaluate the state of online learning and provide support for the development of online education. Hindawi 2022-01-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8817852/ /pubmed/35132313 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3986470 Text en Copyright © 2022 Deguang Li et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Li, Deguang
Cui, Zhanyou
Cao, Fukang
Cui, Gaoxiang
Shen, Jiaquan
Zhang, Yongxin
Learning State Assessment in Online Education Based on Multiple Facial Features Detection
title Learning State Assessment in Online Education Based on Multiple Facial Features Detection
title_full Learning State Assessment in Online Education Based on Multiple Facial Features Detection
title_fullStr Learning State Assessment in Online Education Based on Multiple Facial Features Detection
title_full_unstemmed Learning State Assessment in Online Education Based on Multiple Facial Features Detection
title_short Learning State Assessment in Online Education Based on Multiple Facial Features Detection
title_sort learning state assessment in online education based on multiple facial features detection
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8817852/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35132313
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3986470
work_keys_str_mv AT lideguang learningstateassessmentinonlineeducationbasedonmultiplefacialfeaturesdetection
AT cuizhanyou learningstateassessmentinonlineeducationbasedonmultiplefacialfeaturesdetection
AT caofukang learningstateassessmentinonlineeducationbasedonmultiplefacialfeaturesdetection
AT cuigaoxiang learningstateassessmentinonlineeducationbasedonmultiplefacialfeaturesdetection
AT shenjiaquan learningstateassessmentinonlineeducationbasedonmultiplefacialfeaturesdetection
AT zhangyongxin learningstateassessmentinonlineeducationbasedonmultiplefacialfeaturesdetection