Cargando…

Photodynamic Therapy Using Toluidine Blue O (TBO) Dye as a Photosensitizer against Leishmania major

BACKGROUND: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is alternative treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), and phenolthiazine dyes such as Toluidine Blue O (TBO) have the potential role in PDT and notably affect parasites inactivation. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PDT by using TBO and a l...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Najm, Mehdi, Pourhajibagher, Maryam, Badirzadeh, Alireza, Razmjou, Elham, Alipour, Maryam, Khoshmirsafa, Majid, Bahador, Abbas, Hadighi, Ramtin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8819215/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35223579
http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v50i10.7514
_version_ 1784646009546080256
author Najm, Mehdi
Pourhajibagher, Maryam
Badirzadeh, Alireza
Razmjou, Elham
Alipour, Maryam
Khoshmirsafa, Majid
Bahador, Abbas
Hadighi, Ramtin
author_facet Najm, Mehdi
Pourhajibagher, Maryam
Badirzadeh, Alireza
Razmjou, Elham
Alipour, Maryam
Khoshmirsafa, Majid
Bahador, Abbas
Hadighi, Ramtin
author_sort Najm, Mehdi
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is alternative treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), and phenolthiazine dyes such as Toluidine Blue O (TBO) have the potential role in PDT and notably affect parasites inactivation. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PDT by using TBO and a light-emitting diode (LED) in the treatment of zoonotic CL (ZCL). METHODS: The study was conducted in Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran in 2018–2020. Different concentration (7.8 μg/mL up to 500 μg/mL) of TBO as a photosensitizer and a 630 nm LED light as a source of light were used for antileishmanial activity against both forms of Leishmania major promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes. Effective concentration (EC(50)) and cell cytotoxicity (CC(50)) were calculated in both infected and non-infected J774.A1 macrophages, respectively. As well as inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) was quantified in L. major promastigotes for 2 h, 24 h, and 48 h after incubation using a MTT colorimetric assay. RESULTS: TBO dye in combination with the PDT significantly decreases the L. major promastigotes and intra-cellular amastigotes viability when compared with TBO alone. Both TBO dye in combination with the PDT and TBO alone had no toxic effects on the mice macrophages; however, it significantly killed the entered parasites inside the cells. Our results in the current study established satisfactory findings in clearing intracellular L. major parasites in in-vitro conditions. CONCLUSION: TBO dye in combination with the PDT can be considered as a harmless, effective and importantly perfect treatment against L. major, causative agent of ZCL, in an in-vitro situation without any negative toxicity to the mice macrophages.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8819215
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher Tehran University of Medical Sciences
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-88192152022-02-25 Photodynamic Therapy Using Toluidine Blue O (TBO) Dye as a Photosensitizer against Leishmania major Najm, Mehdi Pourhajibagher, Maryam Badirzadeh, Alireza Razmjou, Elham Alipour, Maryam Khoshmirsafa, Majid Bahador, Abbas Hadighi, Ramtin Iran J Public Health Original Article BACKGROUND: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is alternative treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), and phenolthiazine dyes such as Toluidine Blue O (TBO) have the potential role in PDT and notably affect parasites inactivation. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PDT by using TBO and a light-emitting diode (LED) in the treatment of zoonotic CL (ZCL). METHODS: The study was conducted in Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran in 2018–2020. Different concentration (7.8 μg/mL up to 500 μg/mL) of TBO as a photosensitizer and a 630 nm LED light as a source of light were used for antileishmanial activity against both forms of Leishmania major promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes. Effective concentration (EC(50)) and cell cytotoxicity (CC(50)) were calculated in both infected and non-infected J774.A1 macrophages, respectively. As well as inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) was quantified in L. major promastigotes for 2 h, 24 h, and 48 h after incubation using a MTT colorimetric assay. RESULTS: TBO dye in combination with the PDT significantly decreases the L. major promastigotes and intra-cellular amastigotes viability when compared with TBO alone. Both TBO dye in combination with the PDT and TBO alone had no toxic effects on the mice macrophages; however, it significantly killed the entered parasites inside the cells. Our results in the current study established satisfactory findings in clearing intracellular L. major parasites in in-vitro conditions. CONCLUSION: TBO dye in combination with the PDT can be considered as a harmless, effective and importantly perfect treatment against L. major, causative agent of ZCL, in an in-vitro situation without any negative toxicity to the mice macrophages. Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2021-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8819215/ /pubmed/35223579 http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v50i10.7514 Text en Copyright © 2021 Najm et al. Published by Tehran University of Medical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Najm, Mehdi
Pourhajibagher, Maryam
Badirzadeh, Alireza
Razmjou, Elham
Alipour, Maryam
Khoshmirsafa, Majid
Bahador, Abbas
Hadighi, Ramtin
Photodynamic Therapy Using Toluidine Blue O (TBO) Dye as a Photosensitizer against Leishmania major
title Photodynamic Therapy Using Toluidine Blue O (TBO) Dye as a Photosensitizer against Leishmania major
title_full Photodynamic Therapy Using Toluidine Blue O (TBO) Dye as a Photosensitizer against Leishmania major
title_fullStr Photodynamic Therapy Using Toluidine Blue O (TBO) Dye as a Photosensitizer against Leishmania major
title_full_unstemmed Photodynamic Therapy Using Toluidine Blue O (TBO) Dye as a Photosensitizer against Leishmania major
title_short Photodynamic Therapy Using Toluidine Blue O (TBO) Dye as a Photosensitizer against Leishmania major
title_sort photodynamic therapy using toluidine blue o (tbo) dye as a photosensitizer against leishmania major
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8819215/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35223579
http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v50i10.7514
work_keys_str_mv AT najmmehdi photodynamictherapyusingtoluidineblueotbodyeasaphotosensitizeragainstleishmaniamajor
AT pourhajibaghermaryam photodynamictherapyusingtoluidineblueotbodyeasaphotosensitizeragainstleishmaniamajor
AT badirzadehalireza photodynamictherapyusingtoluidineblueotbodyeasaphotosensitizeragainstleishmaniamajor
AT razmjouelham photodynamictherapyusingtoluidineblueotbodyeasaphotosensitizeragainstleishmaniamajor
AT alipourmaryam photodynamictherapyusingtoluidineblueotbodyeasaphotosensitizeragainstleishmaniamajor
AT khoshmirsafamajid photodynamictherapyusingtoluidineblueotbodyeasaphotosensitizeragainstleishmaniamajor
AT bahadorabbas photodynamictherapyusingtoluidineblueotbodyeasaphotosensitizeragainstleishmaniamajor
AT hadighiramtin photodynamictherapyusingtoluidineblueotbodyeasaphotosensitizeragainstleishmaniamajor