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Sources of genomic diversity in the self-fertile plant pathogen, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and consequences for resistance breeding

The ascomycete, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, has a broad host range and causes yield loss in dicotyledonous crops world wide. Genomic diversity was determined in a population of 127 isolates obtained from individual canola (Brassica napus) fields in western Canada. Genotyping with 39 simple sequence re...

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Autores principales: Buchwaldt, Lone, Garg, Harsh, Puri, Krishna D., Durkin, Jonathan, Adam, Jennifer, Harrington, Myrtle, Liabeuf, Debora, Davies, Alan, Hegedus, Dwayne D., Sharpe, Andrew G., Gali, Krishna Kishore
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8820597/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35130285
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262891
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author Buchwaldt, Lone
Garg, Harsh
Puri, Krishna D.
Durkin, Jonathan
Adam, Jennifer
Harrington, Myrtle
Liabeuf, Debora
Davies, Alan
Hegedus, Dwayne D.
Sharpe, Andrew G.
Gali, Krishna Kishore
author_facet Buchwaldt, Lone
Garg, Harsh
Puri, Krishna D.
Durkin, Jonathan
Adam, Jennifer
Harrington, Myrtle
Liabeuf, Debora
Davies, Alan
Hegedus, Dwayne D.
Sharpe, Andrew G.
Gali, Krishna Kishore
author_sort Buchwaldt, Lone
collection PubMed
description The ascomycete, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, has a broad host range and causes yield loss in dicotyledonous crops world wide. Genomic diversity was determined in a population of 127 isolates obtained from individual canola (Brassica napus) fields in western Canada. Genotyping with 39 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers revealed each isolate was a unique haplotype. Analysis of molecular variance showed 97% was due to isolate and 3% due to geographical location. Testing of mycelium compatibility among 133 isolates identified clones of mutually compatible isolates with 86–95% similar SSR haplotype, whereas incompatible isolates were highly diverse. In the Province of Manitoba, 61% of isolates were compatible forming clones and stings of pairwise compatible isolates not described before. In contrast, only 35% of isolates were compatible in Alberta without forming clones and strings, while 39% were compatible in Saskatchewan with a single clone, but no strings. These difference can be explained by wetter growing seasons and more susceptible crop species in Manitoba favouring frequent mycelium interaction and more life cycles over time, which might also explain similar differences observed in other geographical areas and host crops. Analysis of linkage disequilibrium rejected random recombination, consistent with a self-fertile fungus, restricted outcrossing due to mycelium incompatibility, and only a single annual opportunity for genomic recombination during meiosis in the ascospore stage between non-sister chromatids in the rare event nuclei from different isolates come together. More probable sources of genomic diversity is slippage during DNA replication and point mutation affecting single nucleotides that accumulate and likely increase mycelium incompatibility in a population over time. A phylogenetic tree based on SSR haplotype grouped isolates into 17 sub-populations. Aggressiveness was tested by inoculating one isolate from each sub-population onto B. napus lines with quantitative resistance. Analysis of variance was significant for isolate, line, and isolate by line interaction. These isolates represent the genomic and pathogenic diversity in western Canada, and are suitable for resistance screening in canola breeding programs.
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spelling pubmed-88205972022-02-08 Sources of genomic diversity in the self-fertile plant pathogen, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and consequences for resistance breeding Buchwaldt, Lone Garg, Harsh Puri, Krishna D. Durkin, Jonathan Adam, Jennifer Harrington, Myrtle Liabeuf, Debora Davies, Alan Hegedus, Dwayne D. Sharpe, Andrew G. Gali, Krishna Kishore PLoS One Research Article The ascomycete, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, has a broad host range and causes yield loss in dicotyledonous crops world wide. Genomic diversity was determined in a population of 127 isolates obtained from individual canola (Brassica napus) fields in western Canada. Genotyping with 39 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers revealed each isolate was a unique haplotype. Analysis of molecular variance showed 97% was due to isolate and 3% due to geographical location. Testing of mycelium compatibility among 133 isolates identified clones of mutually compatible isolates with 86–95% similar SSR haplotype, whereas incompatible isolates were highly diverse. In the Province of Manitoba, 61% of isolates were compatible forming clones and stings of pairwise compatible isolates not described before. In contrast, only 35% of isolates were compatible in Alberta without forming clones and strings, while 39% were compatible in Saskatchewan with a single clone, but no strings. These difference can be explained by wetter growing seasons and more susceptible crop species in Manitoba favouring frequent mycelium interaction and more life cycles over time, which might also explain similar differences observed in other geographical areas and host crops. Analysis of linkage disequilibrium rejected random recombination, consistent with a self-fertile fungus, restricted outcrossing due to mycelium incompatibility, and only a single annual opportunity for genomic recombination during meiosis in the ascospore stage between non-sister chromatids in the rare event nuclei from different isolates come together. More probable sources of genomic diversity is slippage during DNA replication and point mutation affecting single nucleotides that accumulate and likely increase mycelium incompatibility in a population over time. A phylogenetic tree based on SSR haplotype grouped isolates into 17 sub-populations. Aggressiveness was tested by inoculating one isolate from each sub-population onto B. napus lines with quantitative resistance. Analysis of variance was significant for isolate, line, and isolate by line interaction. These isolates represent the genomic and pathogenic diversity in western Canada, and are suitable for resistance screening in canola breeding programs. Public Library of Science 2022-02-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8820597/ /pubmed/35130285 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262891 Text en © 2022 Buchwaldt et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Buchwaldt, Lone
Garg, Harsh
Puri, Krishna D.
Durkin, Jonathan
Adam, Jennifer
Harrington, Myrtle
Liabeuf, Debora
Davies, Alan
Hegedus, Dwayne D.
Sharpe, Andrew G.
Gali, Krishna Kishore
Sources of genomic diversity in the self-fertile plant pathogen, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and consequences for resistance breeding
title Sources of genomic diversity in the self-fertile plant pathogen, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and consequences for resistance breeding
title_full Sources of genomic diversity in the self-fertile plant pathogen, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and consequences for resistance breeding
title_fullStr Sources of genomic diversity in the self-fertile plant pathogen, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and consequences for resistance breeding
title_full_unstemmed Sources of genomic diversity in the self-fertile plant pathogen, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and consequences for resistance breeding
title_short Sources of genomic diversity in the self-fertile plant pathogen, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and consequences for resistance breeding
title_sort sources of genomic diversity in the self-fertile plant pathogen, sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and consequences for resistance breeding
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8820597/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35130285
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262891
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