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The brain as a source and a target of prolactin in mammals
Prolactin is a polypeptide hormone associated with an extensive variety of biological functions. Among the roles of prolactin in vertebrates, some were preserved throughout evolution. This is the case of its function in the brain, where prolactin receptors, are expressed in different structures of t...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8820687/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35017416 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.332124 |
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author | Costa-Brito, Ana R. Gonçalves, Isabel Santos, Cecília R. A. |
author_facet | Costa-Brito, Ana R. Gonçalves, Isabel Santos, Cecília R. A. |
author_sort | Costa-Brito, Ana R. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Prolactin is a polypeptide hormone associated with an extensive variety of biological functions. Among the roles of prolactin in vertebrates, some were preserved throughout evolution. This is the case of its function in the brain, where prolactin receptors, are expressed in different structures of the central nervous system. In the brain, prolactin actions are principally associated with reproduction and parental behavior, and involves the modulation of adult neurogenesis, neuroprotection, and neuroplasticity, especially during pregnancy, thereby preparing the brain to parenthood. Prolactin is mainly produced by specialized cells in the anterior pituitary gland. However, during vertebrate evolution many other extrapituitary tissues do also produce prolactin, like the immune system, endothelial cells, reproductive structures and in several regions of the brain. This review summarizes the relevance of prolactin for brain function, the sources of prolactin in the central nervous system, as well as its local production and secretion. A highlight on the impact of prolactin in human neurological diseases is also provided. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8820687 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Wolters Kluwer - Medknow |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88206872022-02-24 The brain as a source and a target of prolactin in mammals Costa-Brito, Ana R. Gonçalves, Isabel Santos, Cecília R. A. Neural Regen Res Review Prolactin is a polypeptide hormone associated with an extensive variety of biological functions. Among the roles of prolactin in vertebrates, some were preserved throughout evolution. This is the case of its function in the brain, where prolactin receptors, are expressed in different structures of the central nervous system. In the brain, prolactin actions are principally associated with reproduction and parental behavior, and involves the modulation of adult neurogenesis, neuroprotection, and neuroplasticity, especially during pregnancy, thereby preparing the brain to parenthood. Prolactin is mainly produced by specialized cells in the anterior pituitary gland. However, during vertebrate evolution many other extrapituitary tissues do also produce prolactin, like the immune system, endothelial cells, reproductive structures and in several regions of the brain. This review summarizes the relevance of prolactin for brain function, the sources of prolactin in the central nervous system, as well as its local production and secretion. A highlight on the impact of prolactin in human neurological diseases is also provided. Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2022-01-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8820687/ /pubmed/35017416 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.332124 Text en Copyright: © Neural Regeneration Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. |
spellingShingle | Review Costa-Brito, Ana R. Gonçalves, Isabel Santos, Cecília R. A. The brain as a source and a target of prolactin in mammals |
title | The brain as a source and a target of prolactin in mammals |
title_full | The brain as a source and a target of prolactin in mammals |
title_fullStr | The brain as a source and a target of prolactin in mammals |
title_full_unstemmed | The brain as a source and a target of prolactin in mammals |
title_short | The brain as a source and a target of prolactin in mammals |
title_sort | brain as a source and a target of prolactin in mammals |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8820687/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35017416 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.332124 |
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