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The brain as a source and a target of prolactin in mammals

Prolactin is a polypeptide hormone associated with an extensive variety of biological functions. Among the roles of prolactin in vertebrates, some were preserved throughout evolution. This is the case of its function in the brain, where prolactin receptors, are expressed in different structures of t...

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Autores principales: Costa-Brito, Ana R., Gonçalves, Isabel, Santos, Cecília R. A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8820687/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35017416
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.332124
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author Costa-Brito, Ana R.
Gonçalves, Isabel
Santos, Cecília R. A.
author_facet Costa-Brito, Ana R.
Gonçalves, Isabel
Santos, Cecília R. A.
author_sort Costa-Brito, Ana R.
collection PubMed
description Prolactin is a polypeptide hormone associated with an extensive variety of biological functions. Among the roles of prolactin in vertebrates, some were preserved throughout evolution. This is the case of its function in the brain, where prolactin receptors, are expressed in different structures of the central nervous system. In the brain, prolactin actions are principally associated with reproduction and parental behavior, and involves the modulation of adult neurogenesis, neuroprotection, and neuroplasticity, especially during pregnancy, thereby preparing the brain to parenthood. Prolactin is mainly produced by specialized cells in the anterior pituitary gland. However, during vertebrate evolution many other extrapituitary tissues do also produce prolactin, like the immune system, endothelial cells, reproductive structures and in several regions of the brain. This review summarizes the relevance of prolactin for brain function, the sources of prolactin in the central nervous system, as well as its local production and secretion. A highlight on the impact of prolactin in human neurological diseases is also provided.
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spelling pubmed-88206872022-02-24 The brain as a source and a target of prolactin in mammals Costa-Brito, Ana R. Gonçalves, Isabel Santos, Cecília R. A. Neural Regen Res Review Prolactin is a polypeptide hormone associated with an extensive variety of biological functions. Among the roles of prolactin in vertebrates, some were preserved throughout evolution. This is the case of its function in the brain, where prolactin receptors, are expressed in different structures of the central nervous system. In the brain, prolactin actions are principally associated with reproduction and parental behavior, and involves the modulation of adult neurogenesis, neuroprotection, and neuroplasticity, especially during pregnancy, thereby preparing the brain to parenthood. Prolactin is mainly produced by specialized cells in the anterior pituitary gland. However, during vertebrate evolution many other extrapituitary tissues do also produce prolactin, like the immune system, endothelial cells, reproductive structures and in several regions of the brain. This review summarizes the relevance of prolactin for brain function, the sources of prolactin in the central nervous system, as well as its local production and secretion. A highlight on the impact of prolactin in human neurological diseases is also provided. Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2022-01-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8820687/ /pubmed/35017416 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.332124 Text en Copyright: © Neural Regeneration Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
spellingShingle Review
Costa-Brito, Ana R.
Gonçalves, Isabel
Santos, Cecília R. A.
The brain as a source and a target of prolactin in mammals
title The brain as a source and a target of prolactin in mammals
title_full The brain as a source and a target of prolactin in mammals
title_fullStr The brain as a source and a target of prolactin in mammals
title_full_unstemmed The brain as a source and a target of prolactin in mammals
title_short The brain as a source and a target of prolactin in mammals
title_sort brain as a source and a target of prolactin in mammals
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8820687/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35017416
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.332124
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