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The Supplementary Motor Complex in Parkinson’s Disease
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by both motor and nonmotor symptoms. Although the basal ganglia is traditionally the primary brain region implicated in this disease process, this limited view ignores the roles of the cortex and cerebellum that are networked wit...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Korean Movement Disorder Society
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8820882/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34814237 http://dx.doi.org/10.14802/jmd.21075 |
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author | Rahimpour, Shervin Rajkumar, Shashank Hallett, Mark |
author_facet | Rahimpour, Shervin Rajkumar, Shashank Hallett, Mark |
author_sort | Rahimpour, Shervin |
collection | PubMed |
description | Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by both motor and nonmotor symptoms. Although the basal ganglia is traditionally the primary brain region implicated in this disease process, this limited view ignores the roles of the cortex and cerebellum that are networked with the basal ganglia to support motor and cognitive functions. In particular, recent research has highlighted dysfunction in the supplementary motor complex (SMC) in patients with PD. Using the PubMed and Google Scholar search engines, we identified research articles using keywords pertaining to the involvement of the SMC in action sequencing impairments, temporal processing disturbances, and gait impairment in patients with PD. A review of abstracts and full-text articles was used to identify relevant articles. In this review of 63 articles, we focus on the role of the SMC in PD, highlighting anatomical and functional data to create new perspectives in understanding clinical symptoms and, potentially, new therapeutic targets. The SMC has a nuanced role in the pathophysiology of PD, with both hypo- and hyperactivation associated with various symptoms. Further studies using more standardized patient populations and functional tasks are needed to more clearly elucidate the role of this region in the pathophysiology and treatment of PD. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8820882 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | The Korean Movement Disorder Society |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88208822022-02-18 The Supplementary Motor Complex in Parkinson’s Disease Rahimpour, Shervin Rajkumar, Shashank Hallett, Mark J Mov Disord Review Article Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by both motor and nonmotor symptoms. Although the basal ganglia is traditionally the primary brain region implicated in this disease process, this limited view ignores the roles of the cortex and cerebellum that are networked with the basal ganglia to support motor and cognitive functions. In particular, recent research has highlighted dysfunction in the supplementary motor complex (SMC) in patients with PD. Using the PubMed and Google Scholar search engines, we identified research articles using keywords pertaining to the involvement of the SMC in action sequencing impairments, temporal processing disturbances, and gait impairment in patients with PD. A review of abstracts and full-text articles was used to identify relevant articles. In this review of 63 articles, we focus on the role of the SMC in PD, highlighting anatomical and functional data to create new perspectives in understanding clinical symptoms and, potentially, new therapeutic targets. The SMC has a nuanced role in the pathophysiology of PD, with both hypo- and hyperactivation associated with various symptoms. Further studies using more standardized patient populations and functional tasks are needed to more clearly elucidate the role of this region in the pathophysiology and treatment of PD. The Korean Movement Disorder Society 2022-01 2021-11-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8820882/ /pubmed/34814237 http://dx.doi.org/10.14802/jmd.21075 Text en Copyright © 2022 The Korean Movement Disorder Society https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) ) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Rahimpour, Shervin Rajkumar, Shashank Hallett, Mark The Supplementary Motor Complex in Parkinson’s Disease |
title | The Supplementary Motor Complex in Parkinson’s Disease |
title_full | The Supplementary Motor Complex in Parkinson’s Disease |
title_fullStr | The Supplementary Motor Complex in Parkinson’s Disease |
title_full_unstemmed | The Supplementary Motor Complex in Parkinson’s Disease |
title_short | The Supplementary Motor Complex in Parkinson’s Disease |
title_sort | supplementary motor complex in parkinson’s disease |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8820882/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34814237 http://dx.doi.org/10.14802/jmd.21075 |
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