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Estimating the effects of race and social vulnerability on hospital admission and mortality from COVID-19

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the risk of hospital admission and mortality from COVID-19 to patients and measure the association of race and area-level social vulnerability with those outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using patient records collected at a multisite hospital system from April 2020 to October...

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Autores principales: Landman, Joshua M, Steger-May, Karen, Joynt Maddox, Karen E, Hammond, Gmerice, Gupta, Aditi, Rauseo, Adriana M, Zhao, Min, Foraker, Randi E
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8822405/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35146378
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamiaopen/ooab111
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author Landman, Joshua M
Steger-May, Karen
Joynt Maddox, Karen E
Hammond, Gmerice
Gupta, Aditi
Rauseo, Adriana M
Zhao, Min
Foraker, Randi E
author_facet Landman, Joshua M
Steger-May, Karen
Joynt Maddox, Karen E
Hammond, Gmerice
Gupta, Aditi
Rauseo, Adriana M
Zhao, Min
Foraker, Randi E
author_sort Landman, Joshua M
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: To estimate the risk of hospital admission and mortality from COVID-19 to patients and measure the association of race and area-level social vulnerability with those outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using patient records collected at a multisite hospital system from April 2020 to October 2020, the risk of hospital admission and the risk of mortality were estimated for patients who tested positive for COVID-19 and were admitted to the hospital for COVID-19, respectively, using generalized estimating equations while controlling for patient race, patient area-level social vulnerability, and time course of the pandemic. RESULTS: Black individuals were 3.57 as likely (95% CI, 3.18–4.00) to be hospitalized than White people, and patients living in the most disadvantaged areas were 2.61 times as likely (95% CI, 2.26–3.02) to be hospitalized than those living in the least disadvantaged areas. While Black patients had lower raw mortality than White patients, mortality was similar after controlling for comorbidities and social vulnerability. DISCUSSION: Our findings point to potent correlates of race and socioeconomic status, including resource distribution, employment, and shared living spaces, that may be associated with inequitable burden of disease across patients of different races. CONCLUSIONS: Public health and policy interventions should address these social factors when responding to the next pandemic.
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spelling pubmed-88224052022-02-09 Estimating the effects of race and social vulnerability on hospital admission and mortality from COVID-19 Landman, Joshua M Steger-May, Karen Joynt Maddox, Karen E Hammond, Gmerice Gupta, Aditi Rauseo, Adriana M Zhao, Min Foraker, Randi E JAMIA Open Research and Applications OBJECTIVE: To estimate the risk of hospital admission and mortality from COVID-19 to patients and measure the association of race and area-level social vulnerability with those outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using patient records collected at a multisite hospital system from April 2020 to October 2020, the risk of hospital admission and the risk of mortality were estimated for patients who tested positive for COVID-19 and were admitted to the hospital for COVID-19, respectively, using generalized estimating equations while controlling for patient race, patient area-level social vulnerability, and time course of the pandemic. RESULTS: Black individuals were 3.57 as likely (95% CI, 3.18–4.00) to be hospitalized than White people, and patients living in the most disadvantaged areas were 2.61 times as likely (95% CI, 2.26–3.02) to be hospitalized than those living in the least disadvantaged areas. While Black patients had lower raw mortality than White patients, mortality was similar after controlling for comorbidities and social vulnerability. DISCUSSION: Our findings point to potent correlates of race and socioeconomic status, including resource distribution, employment, and shared living spaces, that may be associated with inequitable burden of disease across patients of different races. CONCLUSIONS: Public health and policy interventions should address these social factors when responding to the next pandemic. Oxford University Press 2021-12-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8822405/ /pubmed/35146378 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamiaopen/ooab111 Text en © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Medical Informatics Association. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Research and Applications
Landman, Joshua M
Steger-May, Karen
Joynt Maddox, Karen E
Hammond, Gmerice
Gupta, Aditi
Rauseo, Adriana M
Zhao, Min
Foraker, Randi E
Estimating the effects of race and social vulnerability on hospital admission and mortality from COVID-19
title Estimating the effects of race and social vulnerability on hospital admission and mortality from COVID-19
title_full Estimating the effects of race and social vulnerability on hospital admission and mortality from COVID-19
title_fullStr Estimating the effects of race and social vulnerability on hospital admission and mortality from COVID-19
title_full_unstemmed Estimating the effects of race and social vulnerability on hospital admission and mortality from COVID-19
title_short Estimating the effects of race and social vulnerability on hospital admission and mortality from COVID-19
title_sort estimating the effects of race and social vulnerability on hospital admission and mortality from covid-19
topic Research and Applications
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8822405/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35146378
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamiaopen/ooab111
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