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Determinants of HIV infection among children born from mothers on prevention of mother to child transmission programme of HIV in southern Ethiopia: a case–control study

OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to identify determinants of HIV infection among children born from mothers on the prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) programme in Southern Ethiopia. It was designed to explore the main contributors to the considerable transmission rate of HIV from moth...

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Autores principales: Hussen, Rehima, Zenebe, Wagaye Alemu, Mamo, Tizalegn Tesfaye, Shaka, Mohammed Feyisso
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BMJ Publishing Group 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8823216/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35131814
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048491
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author Hussen, Rehima
Zenebe, Wagaye Alemu
Mamo, Tizalegn Tesfaye
Shaka, Mohammed Feyisso
author_facet Hussen, Rehima
Zenebe, Wagaye Alemu
Mamo, Tizalegn Tesfaye
Shaka, Mohammed Feyisso
author_sort Hussen, Rehima
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to identify determinants of HIV infection among children born from mothers on the prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) programme in Southern Ethiopia. It was designed to explore the main contributors to the considerable transmission rate of HIV from mother to child. SETTING AND DESIGN: A multicentre facility-based unmatched case–control study was conducted using 27 health facilities providing PMTCT service in Southern Ethiopia. PARTICIPANTS: Out of 307 (62 cases and 245 controls) expected to participate in this study, a total of 290 mother–child pairs of 58 cases and 232 controls have completed the interview. Cases were children born to mothers on PMTCT programme and with DNA PCR or antibody HIV positive test result at ≤24 months of age. Controls were children born to mothers on PMTCT programme and with DNA PCR or antibody HIV negative test result at ≤24 months of age. RESULT: Data were collected from the mother and record and analysed using SPSS V.20. Logistic regression analysis was done for statistical association and the significance of association was declared at a p value of <0.05. Rural residence (adjusted OR (AOR): 4.15, 95% CI: (1.57 to 10.97)), knowing serostatus during current pregnancy (AOR: 5.11, 95% CI: (1.33 to 19.69)), home delivery (AOR: 6.00, 95% CI: (2.310 to 15.593)), poor partner involvement (AOR: 5.95, 95% CI: 1.91 to 18.53)), poor adherence, late enrolment of the child for ARV prophylaxis (AOR: 4.89, 95% CI: 1.34 to 17.88)), mixed breastfeeding practice (AOR: 10.36, 95% CI: (3.10 to 34.60)) and failure to be on cotrimoxazole therapy (AOR: 7.56, 95% CI: 2.07 to 27.61)) were factors significantly associated with MTCT. CONCLUSION: The finding implies that more needs to be done on rural residents, strengthening screening for HIV before pregnancy, encouraging male involvement, early enrolment of child for ARV prophylaxis, avoiding mixed breast feeding and putting newborn on cotrimoxazole therapy.
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spelling pubmed-88232162022-02-17 Determinants of HIV infection among children born from mothers on prevention of mother to child transmission programme of HIV in southern Ethiopia: a case–control study Hussen, Rehima Zenebe, Wagaye Alemu Mamo, Tizalegn Tesfaye Shaka, Mohammed Feyisso BMJ Open HIV/AIDS OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to identify determinants of HIV infection among children born from mothers on the prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) programme in Southern Ethiopia. It was designed to explore the main contributors to the considerable transmission rate of HIV from mother to child. SETTING AND DESIGN: A multicentre facility-based unmatched case–control study was conducted using 27 health facilities providing PMTCT service in Southern Ethiopia. PARTICIPANTS: Out of 307 (62 cases and 245 controls) expected to participate in this study, a total of 290 mother–child pairs of 58 cases and 232 controls have completed the interview. Cases were children born to mothers on PMTCT programme and with DNA PCR or antibody HIV positive test result at ≤24 months of age. Controls were children born to mothers on PMTCT programme and with DNA PCR or antibody HIV negative test result at ≤24 months of age. RESULT: Data were collected from the mother and record and analysed using SPSS V.20. Logistic regression analysis was done for statistical association and the significance of association was declared at a p value of <0.05. Rural residence (adjusted OR (AOR): 4.15, 95% CI: (1.57 to 10.97)), knowing serostatus during current pregnancy (AOR: 5.11, 95% CI: (1.33 to 19.69)), home delivery (AOR: 6.00, 95% CI: (2.310 to 15.593)), poor partner involvement (AOR: 5.95, 95% CI: 1.91 to 18.53)), poor adherence, late enrolment of the child for ARV prophylaxis (AOR: 4.89, 95% CI: 1.34 to 17.88)), mixed breastfeeding practice (AOR: 10.36, 95% CI: (3.10 to 34.60)) and failure to be on cotrimoxazole therapy (AOR: 7.56, 95% CI: 2.07 to 27.61)) were factors significantly associated with MTCT. CONCLUSION: The finding implies that more needs to be done on rural residents, strengthening screening for HIV before pregnancy, encouraging male involvement, early enrolment of child for ARV prophylaxis, avoiding mixed breast feeding and putting newborn on cotrimoxazole therapy. BMJ Publishing Group 2022-02-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8823216/ /pubmed/35131814 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048491 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) .
spellingShingle HIV/AIDS
Hussen, Rehima
Zenebe, Wagaye Alemu
Mamo, Tizalegn Tesfaye
Shaka, Mohammed Feyisso
Determinants of HIV infection among children born from mothers on prevention of mother to child transmission programme of HIV in southern Ethiopia: a case–control study
title Determinants of HIV infection among children born from mothers on prevention of mother to child transmission programme of HIV in southern Ethiopia: a case–control study
title_full Determinants of HIV infection among children born from mothers on prevention of mother to child transmission programme of HIV in southern Ethiopia: a case–control study
title_fullStr Determinants of HIV infection among children born from mothers on prevention of mother to child transmission programme of HIV in southern Ethiopia: a case–control study
title_full_unstemmed Determinants of HIV infection among children born from mothers on prevention of mother to child transmission programme of HIV in southern Ethiopia: a case–control study
title_short Determinants of HIV infection among children born from mothers on prevention of mother to child transmission programme of HIV in southern Ethiopia: a case–control study
title_sort determinants of hiv infection among children born from mothers on prevention of mother to child transmission programme of hiv in southern ethiopia: a case–control study
topic HIV/AIDS
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8823216/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35131814
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048491
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