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Immunological and anti-oxidant profiles of malarial children in Abuja, Nigeria

BACKGROUND: The clinical symptoms, cellular immune response, and serum cytokine homeostasis during falciparum malaria among children living in endemic regions depend on the parasite densities. This study aims to evaluate the CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, leucocytes subpopulations, IL-6, IL-10 and bioma...

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Autores principales: Abdullahi, Idris Nasir, Musa, Sanusi, Emeribe, Anthony Uchenna, Muhammed, Musa, Mustapha, Jelili Olaide, Shuwa, Halima Ali, Haruna, Shamsuddeen, Abubakar, Sharafudeen Dahiru, Billyrose, Olusoji Matthew Adeyemi, Bakare, Mustapha
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: China Medical University 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8823466/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35223394
http://dx.doi.org/10.37796/2211-8039.1010
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author Abdullahi, Idris Nasir
Musa, Sanusi
Emeribe, Anthony Uchenna
Muhammed, Musa
Mustapha, Jelili Olaide
Shuwa, Halima Ali
Haruna, Shamsuddeen
Abubakar, Sharafudeen Dahiru
Billyrose, Olusoji Matthew Adeyemi
Bakare, Mustapha
author_facet Abdullahi, Idris Nasir
Musa, Sanusi
Emeribe, Anthony Uchenna
Muhammed, Musa
Mustapha, Jelili Olaide
Shuwa, Halima Ali
Haruna, Shamsuddeen
Abubakar, Sharafudeen Dahiru
Billyrose, Olusoji Matthew Adeyemi
Bakare, Mustapha
author_sort Abdullahi, Idris Nasir
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The clinical symptoms, cellular immune response, and serum cytokine homeostasis during falciparum malaria among children living in endemic regions depend on the parasite densities. This study aims to evaluate the CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, leucocytes subpopulations, IL-6, IL-10 and biomarkers of oxidative stress among children infected with varying grades of malaria attending the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital and National Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This case-control study involved blood samples collected from 165 children (between 5 and 12 years). This comprised 45 children with mild malaria, 40 each with moderate, severe malaria and apparently healthy (control). Serum cytokines, ferritin, malonaldehyde (MDA), ascorbate, α-tocopherol levels were determined by Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA). Leucocytes differentials and CD4(+)/CD8(+) T cells counts were enumerated by automated hematology analyzer and flow cytometry, respectively. RESULTS: All malarial children had only Plasmodium falciparum. The male to female ratio of children with mild malaria was 1.5:1 (mean ± SD age of 8.5 ± 1.9 years). However, other groups had 1:1 male to female ratio and mean ages of 9.2 ± 2.3, 9.8 ± 2.2, 8.5 ± 1.5 for children with moderate, severe malaria and control, respectively. There was a positive but not significant association of neutrophils and monocytes with the 3 grades of malaria parasitemia (p>0.05). There was a negative and significant correlation between severe malaria and lymphocyte count (p = 0.048; r = −0.647). However, there was positive and significant correlation between eosinophil with moderate (p = 0.03; r = 0.994) and severe malaria (p = 0.006; r = 0.825). There was a significant decline in serum ascorbate with increased malaria density (p<0.0001). However, there was no difference in the serum α-tocopherol concentration within the 4 groups of children (p = 0.182). Serum ferritin and MDA significantly elevated with an increase in malaria density (p<0.0001). There was a significant decline in CD4(+) T and CD8(+) T cells counts with an increase in malaria densities (p<0.0001). Serum IL-10 and IL-6 significantly elevated with increased malaria density (p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: Based on these findings, severe malaria was significantly associated with declined CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell counts, upregulation of IL-6, and high serum levels of oxidative stress biomarkers.
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spelling pubmed-88234662022-02-25 Immunological and anti-oxidant profiles of malarial children in Abuja, Nigeria Abdullahi, Idris Nasir Musa, Sanusi Emeribe, Anthony Uchenna Muhammed, Musa Mustapha, Jelili Olaide Shuwa, Halima Ali Haruna, Shamsuddeen Abubakar, Sharafudeen Dahiru Billyrose, Olusoji Matthew Adeyemi Bakare, Mustapha Biomedicine (Taipei) Original Article BACKGROUND: The clinical symptoms, cellular immune response, and serum cytokine homeostasis during falciparum malaria among children living in endemic regions depend on the parasite densities. This study aims to evaluate the CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, leucocytes subpopulations, IL-6, IL-10 and biomarkers of oxidative stress among children infected with varying grades of malaria attending the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital and National Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This case-control study involved blood samples collected from 165 children (between 5 and 12 years). This comprised 45 children with mild malaria, 40 each with moderate, severe malaria and apparently healthy (control). Serum cytokines, ferritin, malonaldehyde (MDA), ascorbate, α-tocopherol levels were determined by Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA). Leucocytes differentials and CD4(+)/CD8(+) T cells counts were enumerated by automated hematology analyzer and flow cytometry, respectively. RESULTS: All malarial children had only Plasmodium falciparum. The male to female ratio of children with mild malaria was 1.5:1 (mean ± SD age of 8.5 ± 1.9 years). However, other groups had 1:1 male to female ratio and mean ages of 9.2 ± 2.3, 9.8 ± 2.2, 8.5 ± 1.5 for children with moderate, severe malaria and control, respectively. There was a positive but not significant association of neutrophils and monocytes with the 3 grades of malaria parasitemia (p>0.05). There was a negative and significant correlation between severe malaria and lymphocyte count (p = 0.048; r = −0.647). However, there was positive and significant correlation between eosinophil with moderate (p = 0.03; r = 0.994) and severe malaria (p = 0.006; r = 0.825). There was a significant decline in serum ascorbate with increased malaria density (p<0.0001). However, there was no difference in the serum α-tocopherol concentration within the 4 groups of children (p = 0.182). Serum ferritin and MDA significantly elevated with an increase in malaria density (p<0.0001). There was a significant decline in CD4(+) T and CD8(+) T cells counts with an increase in malaria densities (p<0.0001). Serum IL-10 and IL-6 significantly elevated with increased malaria density (p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: Based on these findings, severe malaria was significantly associated with declined CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell counts, upregulation of IL-6, and high serum levels of oxidative stress biomarkers. China Medical University 2021-03-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8823466/ /pubmed/35223394 http://dx.doi.org/10.37796/2211-8039.1010 Text en © the Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ).
spellingShingle Original Article
Abdullahi, Idris Nasir
Musa, Sanusi
Emeribe, Anthony Uchenna
Muhammed, Musa
Mustapha, Jelili Olaide
Shuwa, Halima Ali
Haruna, Shamsuddeen
Abubakar, Sharafudeen Dahiru
Billyrose, Olusoji Matthew Adeyemi
Bakare, Mustapha
Immunological and anti-oxidant profiles of malarial children in Abuja, Nigeria
title Immunological and anti-oxidant profiles of malarial children in Abuja, Nigeria
title_full Immunological and anti-oxidant profiles of malarial children in Abuja, Nigeria
title_fullStr Immunological and anti-oxidant profiles of malarial children in Abuja, Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed Immunological and anti-oxidant profiles of malarial children in Abuja, Nigeria
title_short Immunological and anti-oxidant profiles of malarial children in Abuja, Nigeria
title_sort immunological and anti-oxidant profiles of malarial children in abuja, nigeria
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8823466/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35223394
http://dx.doi.org/10.37796/2211-8039.1010
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